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Content for  TS 22.261  Word version:  20.0.0

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6.46 Satellite access  6.46.1 Overview  6.46.2 General  6.46.3 Service continuity  6.46.4 Roaming aspects  6.46.5 Resource efficiency  6.46.6 Efficient user plane  6.46.7 Satellite and Relay UEs  6.46.8 Store and Forward Satellite Operation  6.46.8.1 Description  6.46.8.2 Requirements  6.46.9 UE-Satellite-UE communication  6.46.10 Positioning aspects for satellite access  6.47 5G wireless sensing service  6.48 Ambient power-enabled IoT  6.49 Mobile Metaverse Services  6.50 Traffic steering and switching over two 3GPP access networks  6.51 Monitoring of network elements interactions in 5G 
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6.46  Satellite access |R19|  p. 84

6.46.1  Overview  p. 84

The following requirements apply for a 5G system with satellite access.

6.46.2  General  p. 84

A 5G system with satellite access shall support different configurations where the radio access network is either a satellite NG-RAN or a non-3GPP satellite access network, or both.
A UE supporting satellite access shall be able to provide or assist in providing its location to the 5G network.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to determine a UE's location in order to provide service (e.g. route traffic, support emergency calls) in accordance with the governing national or regional regulatory requirements applicable to that UE.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support low power MIoT type of communications.
Subject to the regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to provide services to an authorized UE independently of the UE's GNSS capability.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support collection of information on usage statistics and location of the UEs that are connected to the satellite.
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6.46.3  Service continuity  p. 84

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support service continuity between 5G terrestrial access network and 5G satellite access networks owned by the same operator or owned by different operators having an agreement.
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall support service continuity (with minimum service interruption) for a UE engaged in an active communication, when the UE changes from a direct network connection via 5G terrestrial access to an indirect network connection via a relay UE (using satellite access) and vice-versa.
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support service continuity (with minimum service interruption) of a UE-Satellite-UE communication when the UE communication path moves between serving satellites (due to the movement of the UE and/or the satellites).
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall support service continuity (with minimum service interruption) of a UE-Satellite-UE communication when the communication path between UEs extends to additional satellites (through ISLs).
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6.46.4  Roaming aspects  p. 84

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall enable roaming of UE supporting both satellite access and terrestrial access between 5G satellite networks and 5G terrestrial networks.
  • UEs supporting satellite access shall support optimized network selection and reselection to PLMNs with satellite access, based on home operator policy.

6.46.5  Resource efficiency  p. 85

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support the use of satellite links between the radio access network and core network, by enhancing the 3GPP system to handle the latencies introduced by satellite backhaul.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support meshed connectivity between satellites interconnected with ISLs.

6.46.6  Efficient user plane  p. 85

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to select the communication link providing the UE with the connectivity that most closely fulfils the agreed QoS.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be capable of supporting simultaneous use of 5G satellite access network and 5G terrestrial access networks.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support both UEs supporting only satellite access and UEs supporting simultaneous connectivity to 5G satellite access network and 5G terrestrial access network.
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support an efficient communication path and resource utilization for a UE using only satellites access, e.g. to minimize the latencies introduced by satellite links involved.
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6.46.7  Satellite and Relay UEs  p. 85

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support relay UEs with satellite access.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support mobility management of relay UEs and the remote UEs connected to the relay UE between a 5G satellite access network and a 5G terrestrial network, and between 5G satellite access networks.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall support joint roaming between different 5G networks of a relay UE and the remote UEs connected to that relay UE.
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6.46.8  Store and Forward Satellite Operation  p. 85

6.46.8.1  Description  p. 85

NGSO (MEO/LEO) based satellite access is raising higher demands on the amount of ground stations, and the availability and stability of the connectivity to ground station for UEs to obtain end-to-end network services anytime.
S&F (Store and Forward) Satellite operation in some level provides a way to enable autonomously network service to UEs without the satellite always being connected to the ground station, which can extend the service availability for the areas without the connectivity to ground station via feeder link or ISL (e.g. at sea, very remote areas lack of ground-station infrastructures), improve the ground segment affordability with fewer ground stations and allow more robust UE services with the satellite under intermittently/temporarily unavailable feeder link.
This is particularly relevant for delay-tolerant communications via NGSO space segment.
The requirements below refer to S&F (Store and Forward) Satellite operation.
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6.46.8.2  Requirements  p. 86

Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support S&F Satellite operation for authorized UEs e.g. store data on the satellite when the feeder link is unavailable; and forward the data once the feeder link between the satellite and the ground segment becomes available.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to inform a UE whether S&F Satellite operation is applied.
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to allow the operator or a trusted 3rd party to apply, on a per UE and/or satellite basis, an S&F data retention period.
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to allow the operator or a trusted 3rd party to apply, on a per UE and/or satellite basis, an S&F data storage quota.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to support a mechanism to configure and provision specific store and forward QoS and policies for a UE (e.g. forwarding priority, acknowledgment policy).
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to provide related information (e.g. estimated delivery time to the authorised 3rd party) to an authorized UE.
A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to inform an authorised 3rd party whether S&F Satellite operation is applied for communication with a UE and to provide related information (e.g. estimated delivery time to the authorised UE).
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall be able to support forwarding of the stored data from one satellite to another satellite (e.g., which has an available feeder link to the ground network), through ISLs.
Subject to operator's policies, a 5G system with satellite access supporting the S&F Satellite operation shall be able to support suitable means to resume communication between the satellite and the ground station once the feeder link becomes available.
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall support mechanisms for a UE to register with the network when the network is in S&F Satellite operation.
A 5G system with satellite access supporting S&F Satellite operation shall support mechanisms to authorize subscribers for receiving services when the network is in S&F Satellite operation.
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6.46.9  UE-Satellite-UE communication  p. 86

Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall support UE-Satellite-UE communication regardless of whether the feeder link is available or not.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to provide QoS control of a UE-Satellite-UE communication.
Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support different types of UE-Satellite-UE communication (e.g. voice, messaging, broadband, unicast, multicast, broadcast).
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6.46.10  Positioning aspects for satellite access  p. 86

For a 5G system with satellite access, the following requirements apply:
  • Subject to regulatory requirements and operator's policy, a 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support 3GPP positioning methods for UEs using only satellite access.
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to provide positioning service to a UE using only satellite access and the information on positioning services (e.g. supported positioning performance).
  • A 5G system with satellite access shall be able to support negotiation of positioning methods, between UE and network, according e.g. to 3GPP RAT and UE positioning capability, the availability of non-3GPP positioning technologies (e.g. GNSS).
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6.47  5G wireless sensing service |R19|  p. 87

6.47.1  Description  p. 87

The 3GPP system is expected to support 5G wireless sensing service to acquire information about characteristics of the environment and/or objects within the environment, such as the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of objects, etc.

6.47.2  Requirements  p. 87

The 3GPP system supports the 5G wireless sensing service to acquire information in various scenarios. The associated requirements are described in TS 22.137.

6.48  Ambient power-enabled IoT |R19|  p. 87

6.48.1  Description  p. 87

An Ambient IoT technology has characteristics of low complexity, low data rate, small size, energy harvesting, lower capabilities and lower power consumption than previously defined 3GPP IoT technologies (e.g. NB-IoT/eMTC devices). Ambient IoT devices can be maintenance free and can have long life span (e.g. more than 10 years).

6.48.2  Requirements  p. 87

Service requirements associated with Ambient IoT are described in TS 22.369 to support the ambient power enabled IoT service.

6.49  Mobile Metaverse Services |R19|  p. 87

6.49.1  Description  p. 87

Mobile metaverse services refer to a shared, perceived set of interactive perceived spaces that can be persistent. The term metaverse has been used in various ways to refer to the broader implications of AR and VR. Metaverse in diverse sectors evokes a number of possible user experiences, products and services can emerge once virtual reality and augmented reality become commonly available and find application in our work, leisure and other activities. Functional enhancements and capabilities included in standards specifications make these services function well, consistently and with diverse support mechanisms over mobile telecommunications networks.
In addition to services that offer virtual or location-independent user experiences, mobile metaverse services also supports content and services that are associated or applicable only in a particular location. These metaverse services are mobile in the sense that mobile users are able to interact with services anywhere and in particular when in the locations where specific services are offered. Requirements for diverse service enablers are introduced to the 5G system to support these services, including avatar call functionality, coordination of services, digital asset management and support for spatial anchors.
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6.49.2  Requirements  p. 88

The 5G system supports services and service enablers for Mobile Metaverse Services. The associated functional and performance requirements are documented in TS 22.156.
Related requirements concerning media exist in the present document, including in clause 6.43 related to tactile and multi-modal communication, and performance requirements in clause 7, especially 7.6.1 for AR/VR services and 7.11 for tactile and multi-modal communication service.
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6.50  Traffic steering and switching over two 3GPP access networks |R19|  p. 88

6.50.1  Introduction  p. 88

The following requirements cover scenarios and functionalities for supporting enhanced traffic steering and switching of a DualSteer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks, assuming the ability to differentiate the two connections for the same device and minimize impacts to CN, O&M or IT systems.
Target scenarios cover two 3GPP access networks belonging to the same PLMN, or between two different PLMNs, or between one PLMN and one PLMN-integrated NPN, over same or different RAT, which can use terrestrial and/or satellite access (including the case of two different satellite orbits). Scenarios may also include traffic steering and/or switching across E-UTRA/EPC and NR/5GC, with anchoring in 5GC.
Traffic policies are intended to be in full control of the home network operator.
The requirements below can apply to different DualSteer device types (e.g., smartphones, IoT, UAV, VSAT devices).
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6.50.2  Requirements  p. 88

For the requirements below, the following applies:
  • a subscriber with two subscriptions/SUPIs, sharing one subscription profile from the same operator;
  • for simultaneous transmission over two networks, a DualSteer device is assumed to include two separate UEs.

6.50.2.1  General  p. 88

Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and/or switching of a DualSteer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to the same PLMN (either HPLMN or VPLMN), assuming data anchoring in the HPLMN and non-simultaneous transmission over the two networks.
Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system may be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and/or switching with simultaneous transmission of a DualSteer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to the same PLMN (either HPLMN or VPLMN), assuming data anchoring in the HPLMN.
Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and/or switching of a DualSteer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to two PLMNs, assuming a business/roaming agreement between PLMN operators (if different), data anchoring in the HPLMN and non-simultaneous transmission over the two networks.
Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system may be able to support mechanisms to enable traffic steering and/or switching with simultaneous transmission of a DualSteer device's user data (for different services) across two 3GPP access networks belonging to two PLMNs, assuming a business/roaming agreement between PLMN operators (if different) and HPLMN data anchoring.
For traffic steering and/or switching of user data across two 3GPP access networks, the 5G system shall be able to allow a HPLMN to provide policies and criteria for a DualSteer device to connect to an additional PLMN/NPN, or an additional RAT within the same PLMN.
For any particular service, at any given time, the DualSteer device shall transmit all traffic of that service using only a single 3GPP access network.
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6.50.2.2  Mobility and connectivity changes  p. 89

Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to support mechanisms to minimize service interruption when switching a DualSteer device's user data, for one or multiple services, between two 3GPP access networks.
Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, for traffic steering and/or switching of user data across two 3GPP access networks, the 5G system may be able to support mechanisms to change one 3GPP access network to the non-3GPP access network of the same subscription (and vice versa).
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6.50.2.3  Other aspects  p. 89

Subject to HPLMN policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to collect charging information related to traffic steering and/or switching of a DualSteer device's user data across two 3GPP access networks.
Subject to home network operator policy and network control, the 5G system shall be able to support traffic steering and/or switching of a DualSteer device's user data between a NPN and a PLMN, for one or more a DualSteer devices with a NPN subscription accessing NPN services, to meet specific QoS requirements for each device, assuming non-simultaneous transmission over the two 3GPP access networks.
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6.51  Monitoring of network elements interactions in 5G |R19|  p. 89

6.51.1  Overview  p. 89

External monitoring systems are often used by MNOs to track network activity for network surveillance and troubleshooting to perform diagnosis and fault analysis of their system. Such monitoring system is fully under the control of the MNOs, and the monitoring can be performed at signalling level. Due to the introduction of encryption of the signalling exchanged between network functions, there is no standardized, secure interface to share signalling traffic between the 5G network and the monitoring system.
A number of capabilities are required for the 5G network to continue supporting this feature, with regards to performance to minimise the impact on the real-time traffic and to consider the security needed to protect the copies sent towards the external monitoring system.
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6.51.2  Requirements  p. 89

The monitored network elements in the 5G network shall support the transmission of a secured copy of the outgoing and incoming signalling traffic to a monitoring system.
The 5G network shall enable the MNO to configure network monitoring, e.g., switching on/off per network element, selecting what type of elements and what type of signalling from these elements is the target for monitoring.
The 5G network shall allow the monitoring (i.e., transmit secured copies of outgoing and incoming signalling traffic) of a transmitting network element and, separately, the monitoring of the receiving network element while facilitating correlation of the information received from both network elements by the external system.
The signalling traffic shall be securely transmitted from the monitored network elements of the 5G network to the monitoring system while minimizing the degradation of network performance.
The transmission of signalling traffic from the monitored network elements of the 5G network to the monitoring system shall be compliant with privacy legislation, data protection regulations and protection of confidential system internal data.
The transmission of signalling traffic from the monitored network elements of the 5G network to the monitoring system shall be limited regarding the number of file formats (e.g., JSON, PCAP, etc.) to assist with the ingestion of traffic feeds.
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