3.2. Multi-stack protocols
smb PROTOCOL-IDENTIFIER PARAMETERS { } ATTRIBUTES { } DESCRIPTION "Microsoft Server Message Block Protocol." REFERENCE "Microsoft Corporation" ::= { netbeui 1, netbios-3com 1, nov-netbios 1, nbt-data 1, nbt-session 1, nov-pep 0x550, nov-pep 0x552 } notes PROTOCOL-IDENTIFIER PARAMETERS { } ATTRIBUTES { } DESCRIPTION "Lotus Notes Protocol." REFERENCE "Lotus Development" ::= { netbeui 2, netbios-3com 2, nov-netbios 2, nbt-data 2, tcp 1352, udp 1352, nov-sap 0x039b } ccmail PROTOCOL-IDENTIFIER PARAMETERS { } ATTRIBUTES { } DESCRIPTION "Lotus CC-mail Protocol." REFERENCE
"Lotus Development" ::= { netbeui 3, netbios-3com 3, nov-netbios 3, nbt-data 3, tcp 3264, udp 3264 } snmp PROTOCOL-IDENTIFIER PARAMETERS { } ATTRIBUTES { } DESCRIPTION "Simple Network Management Protocol. Includes SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 protocol versions. Does not include SNMP trap packets." REFERENCE "The SNMP SMI is defined in RFC 1902 [RFC1902]. Version 1 of the SNMP protocol is defined in RFC 1905 [RFC1905]. Transport mappings are defined in RFC 1906 [RFC1906]; RFC 1420 (SNMP over IPX) [RFC1420]; RFC 1419 (SNMP over AppleTalk) [RFC1419]." ::= { udp 161, nov-pep 0x900f, -- [ 0.0.144.15 ] atalk 8, tcp 161 } snmptrap PROTOCOL-IDENTIFIER PARAMETERS { } ATTRIBUTES { } DESCRIPTION "Simple Network Management Protocol Trap Port." REFERENCE "The SNMP SMI is defined in RFC 1902 [RFC1902]. The SNMP protocol is defined in RFC 1905 [RFC1905]. Transport mappings are defined in RFC 1906 [RFC1906]; RFC 1420 (SNMP over IPX) [RFC1420]; RFC 1419 (SNMP over AppleTalk) [RFC1419]." ::= { udp 162, nov-pep 0x9010, atalk 9, tcp 162 } -- END
4. Intellectual Property
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and standards-related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF Secretariat." The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive Director.5. Acknowledgements
This document was produced by the IETF RMONMIB Working Group. The authors wish to thank the following people for their contributions to this document: Anil Singhal Frontier Software Development, Inc. Jeanne Haney Bay Networks Dan Hansen Network General Corp. Special thanks are in order to the following people for writing RMON PI macro compilers, and improving the specification of the PI macro language: David Perkins DeskTalk Systems, Inc. Skip Koppenhaver Technically Elite, Inc.
6. References
[IEN158] J. Haverty, "XNET Formats for Internet Protocol Version 4", IEN 158, October 1980. [RFC407] Bressler, R., Guida. R. and A. McKenzie, "Remote Job Entry Protocol", RFC 407, October 1972. [RFC493] Michener, J., Cotton, I., Kelley, K., Liddle, D. and E. Meyer, "E.W., Jr Graphics Protocol", RFC 493, April 1973. [RFC734] Crispin, M., "SUPDUP Protocol", RFC 734, October 1977. [RFC740] Braden, R., "NETRJS Protocol", RFC 740, November 1977. [RFC741] Cohen, D., "Specifications for the Network Voice Protocol", RFC 741, ISI/RR 7539, March 1976. [RFC759] Postel, J., "Internet Message Protocol", RFC 759, August 1980. [RFC768] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768, August 1980. [RFC791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol - DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981. [RFC792] Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol - DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification", STD 5, RFC 792, September 1981. [RFC793] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol - DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification", STD 5, RFC 793, September 1981. [RFC818] Postel, J., "Remote User Telnet service", RFC 818, November 1982. [RFC821] Postel, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", STD 10, RFC 821, August 1982. [RFC823] Hinden, R. and A. Sheltzer, "The DARPA Internet Gateway", RFC 823, September 1982. [RFC826] Plummer, D., "An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol or Converting Network Protocol Addresses to 48-bit Ethernet Addresses for Transmission on Ethernet Hardware", STD 37, RFC 826, November 1982.
[RFC854] Postel, J. and J. Reynolds, "Telnet Protocol Specification", STD 8, RFC 854, May 1983. [RFC862] Postel, J., "Echo Protocol", STD 20, RFC 862, May 1983. [RFC863] Postel, J., "Discard Protocol", STD 21, RFC 863, May 1983. [RFC864] Postel, J., "Character Generator Protocol", STD 22, RFC 864, May 1983. [RFC865] Postel, J., "Quote of the Day Protocol", STD 23, RFC 865, May 1983. [RFC866] Postel, J., "Active Users", STD 26, RFC 866, May 1983. [RFC867] Postel, J., "Daytime Protocol", STD 25, RFC 867, May 1983. [RFC868] Postel, J., "Time Protocol", STD 26, RFC 868, May 1983. [RFC869] Hinden, R., "A Host Monitoring Protocol", RFC 869, December 1983. [RFC887] Accetta, M., "Resource Location Protocol", RFC 887, December 1983. [RFC904] International Telegraph and Telephone Co., D. Mills, "Exterior Gateway Protocol Formal Specification", STD 18, RFC 904, April 1984. [RFC905] McKenzie, A., "ISO Transport Protocol Specification - ISO DP 8073", RFC 905, April 1984. [RFC908] Velten, D., Hinden, R., and J. Sax, "Reliable Data Protocol", RFC 908, July 1984. [RFC913] Lottor, M., "Simple File Transfer Protocol", RFC 913, September 1984. [RFC915] Elvy, M. and R. Nedved, "Network mail path service", RFC 915, December 1984. [RFC937] Butler, M., Chase, D., Goldberger, J., Postel, J., and J. Reynolds, "Post Office Protocol - version 2", RFC 937, February 1985. [RFC938] Miller, T., "Internet Reliable Transaction Protocol", RFC 938, February 1985.
[RFC951] Croft, W. and J. Gilmore, "BOOTSTRAP Protocol (BOOTP)", RFC 951, September 1985. [RFC953] Feinler, E., Harrenstien, K. and M. Stahl, "Hostname Server", RFC 953, October 1985. [RFC954] Feinler, E., Harrenstien, K. and M. Stahl, "NICNAME/WHOIS", RFC 954, October 1985. [RFC959] Postel, J., and J. Reynolds, "File Transfer Protocol", STD 9, RFC 959, October 1985. [RFC972] Wancho, F., "Password Generator Protocol", RFC 972, January 1986. [RFC977] Kantor, B. and P. Lapsley, "Network News Transfer Protocol: A Proposed Standard for the Stream-Based Transmission of News", RFC 977, February 1986. [RFC996] Mills, D., "Statistics server", RFC 996, February 1987. [RFC998] Clark, D., Lambert, M. and L. Zhang, "NETBLT: A Bulk Data Transfer Protocol", RFC 998, March 1987. [RFC1001] NetBIOS Working Group in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Internet Activities Board, End-to-End Services Task Force. "Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Concepts and methods", STD 19, RFC 1001, March 1987. [RFC1002] NetBIOS Working Group in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Internet Activities Board, End-to-End Services Task Force. "Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Detailed specifications.", STD 19, RFC 1002, March 1987. [RFC1021] Partridge, C. and G. Trewitt, "High-level Entity Management System HEMS", RFC 1021, October 1987. [RFC1028] Case, J., Davin, J., Fedor, M. and M. Schoffstall, "Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol", RFC 1028, November 1987. [RFC1035] Mockapetris, P., "Domain Names - Implementation and Specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987. [RFC1056] Lambert, M., "PCMAIL: A distributed mail system for personal computers", RFC 1056, June 1988.
[RFC1057] Sun Microsystems, Inc, "RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol Specification version 2", RFC 1057, June 1988. [RFC1064] Crispin, M., "Interactive Mail Access Protocol: Version 2", RFC 1064, July 1988. [RFC1068] DeSchon, A. and R. Braden, "Background File Transfer Program BFTP", RFC 1068, August 1988. [RFC1070] Hagens, R., Hall, N. and M. Rose, "Use of the Internet as a subnetwork for experimentation with the OSI network layer", RFC 1070, February 1989. [RFC1078] Lottor, M., "TCP port service Multiplexer TCPMUX", RFC 1078, November, 1988. [RFC1086] Onions, J. and M. Rose, "ISO-TP0 bridge between TCP and X.25", RFC 1086, December 1988. [RFC1095] Warrier, U. and L. Besaw, "Common Management Information Services and Protocol over TCP/IP (CMOT)", RFC 1095, April 1989. [RFC1112] Deering, S., "Host Extensions for IP Multicasting", STD 5, RFC 1112, August 1989. [RFC1155] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-based Internets", STD 16, RFC 1155, May 1990. [RFC1157] Case, J., Fedor, M., Schoffstall, M. and J. Davin, "Simple Network Management Protocol", STD 15, RFC 1157, May 1990. [RFC1203] Rice, J., "Interactive Mail Access Protocol - Version 3", RFC 1203, February 1991. [RFC1204] Lee, D. and S. Yeh, "Message Posting Protocol (MPP)", RFC 1204, February 1991. [RFC1212] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Concise MIB Definitions", STD 16, RFC 1212, March 1991. [RFC1213] McCloghrie, K. and M. Rose, "Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets: MIB-II", STD 17, RFC 1213, March 1991. [RFC1215] Rose, M., "A Convention for Defining Traps for use with the SNMP", RFC 1215, March 1991.
[RFC1226] Kantor, B., "Internet Protocol Encapsulation of AX.25 Frames", RFC 1226, May 1991. [RFC1227] Rose, M., "SNMP MUX Protocol and MIB", RFC 1227, May 1991. [RFC1234] Provan, D., "Tunneling IPX Traffic through IP Networks", RFC 1234, June 1991. [RFC1235] Ioannidis, J. and G. Maguire, Jr., "The Coherent File Distribution Protocol", RFC 1235, June 1991. [RFC1241] Mills, D. and R. Woodburn, "A Scheme for an Internet Encapsulation Protocol: Version 1", RFC 1241, July 1991. [RFC1249] Howes, T., Smith, M. and B. Beecher, "DIXIE Protocol Specification", RFC 1249, August 1991. [RFC1267] Lougheed, K. and Y. Rekhter, "A Border Gateway Protocol 3 (BGP-3)", RFC 1267, October 1991. [RFC1282] Kantor, B., "BSD Rlogin", RFC 1282, December 1991. [RFC1288] Zimmerman, D., "The Finger User Information Protocol", RFC 1288, December 1991. [RFC1301] Amstrong, S., Freier, A. and K. Marzullo, "Multicast Transport Protocol", RFC 1301, February 1992. [RFC1305] Mills, D., "Network Time Protocol (v3)", RFC 1305, April 1992. [RFC1312] Nelson, R. and G. Arnold, "Message Send Protocol", RFC 1312, April 1992. [RFC1339] Dorner, S. and P. Resnick, "Remote Mail Checking Protocol", RFC 1339, June 1992. [RFC1350] Sollins, K., "TFTP Protocol (revision 2)", RFC 1350, July 1992. [RFC1413] St. Johns, M., "Identification Protocol", RFC 1413, February 1993. [RFC1419] Minshall, G. and M. Ritter, "SNMP over AppleTalk", RFC 1419, March 1993. [RFC1420] Bostock, S., "SNMP over IPX", RFC 1420, March 1993.
[RFC1436] Anklesaria, F., McCahill, M., Lindner, P., Johnson, D., John, D., Torrey, D. and B. Alberti, "The Internet Gopher Protocol (a distributed document search and retrieval protocol)", RFC 1436, March 1993. [RFC1459] Oikarinen, J. and D. Reed, "Internet Relay Chat Protocol", RFC 1459, May 1993. [RFC1476] Ullmann, R., "RAP: Internet Route Access Protocol", RFC 1476, June 1993. [RFC1479] Steenstrup, M., "Inter-Domain Policy Routing Protocol Specification: Version 1", RFC 1479, July 1993. [RFC1483] Heinanen, J., "Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5", RFC 1483, July 1993. [RFC1492] Finseth, C., "An Access Control Protocol, Sometimes Called TACACS", RFC 1492, July 1993. [RFC1510] Kohl, J. and B. Neuman, "The Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5)", RFC 1510, September 1993. [RFC1583] Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", RFC 1583, March 1994. [RFC1700] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700, October 1994. [RFC1701] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina, "Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 1701, October 1994. [RFC1702] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina, "Generic Routing Encapsulation over IPv4 networks", RFC 1702, October 1994. [RFC1725] Myers, J. and M. Rose, "Post Office Protocol - Version 3", RFC 1725, November 1994. [RFC1729] Lynch, C., "Using the Z39.50 Information Retrieval Protocol in the Internet Environment", RFC 1729, December 1994. [RFC1730] Crispin, M., "Internet Message Access Protocol - Version 4", RFC 1730, December 1994. [RFC1739] Kessler, G. and S. Shepard, "A Primer On Internet and TCP/IP Tools", RFC 1739, December 1994.
[RFC1745] Varadhan, K., Hares, S. and Y. Rekhter, "BGP4/IDRP for IP---OSPF Interaction", RFC 1745, December 1994. [RFC1757] Waldbusser, S., "Remote Network Monitoring MIB", RFC 1757, February 1995. [RFC1777] Yeong, W., Howes, T. and S. Kille, "Lightweight Directory Access Protocol", RFC 1777, March 1995. [RFC1782] Malkin, G. and A. Harkin, "TFTP Option Extension", RFC 1782, March 1995. [RFC1783] Malkin, G. and A. Harkin, "TFTP BlockOption Option", RFC 1783, March 1995. [RFC1784] Malkin, G. and A. Harkin, "TFTP Timeout Interval and Transfer Size Options", RFC 1784, March 1995. [RFC1798] Young, A., "Connection-less Lightweight Directory Access Protocol", RFC 1798, June 1995. [RFC1813] Callaghan, B., Pawlowski, B. and P. Staubach, "NFS Version 3 Protocol Specification", RFC 1813, June 1995. [RFC1819] Delgrossi, L. and L. Berger, "Internet Stream Protocol Version 2 (ST2)", RFC 1819, August 1995. [RFC1831] Srinivasan, R., "Remote Procedure Call Protocol Version 2", RFC 1831, August 1995. [RFC1853] Simpson, W., "IP in IP Tunneling", RFC 1853, October 1995. [RFC1901] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Introduction to Community-based SNMPv2", RFC 1901, January 1996. [RFC1902] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1902, January 1996. [RFC1903] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1903, January 1996.
[RFC1904] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1904, January 1996. [RFC1905] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1905, January 1996. [RFC1906] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Transport Mappings for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1906, January 1996. [RFC1940] Estrin, D., Li, T., Rekhter, Y., Varadhan, K. and D. Zappala, "Source Demand Routing: Packet Format and Forwarding Specification (Version 1)", RFC 1940, May 1996. [RFC1945] Berners-Lee, T. and R. Fielding, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.0", RFC 1945, November 1995. [RFC2002] Perkins, C., "IP Mobility Support", RFC 2002, October 1996. [RFC2003] Perkins, C., "IP Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2003, October 1996. [RFC2021] Waldbusser, S., "Remote Network Monitoring MIB (RMON-2)", RFC 2021, January 1997. [RFC2037] McCloghrie, K. and A. Bierman, "Entity MIB using SMIv2", RFC 2037, October 1996. [RFC2068] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H. and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2068, January 1997. [RFC2069] Franks, J., Hallam-Baker, P., Hostetler, J., Luotonen, P. A. and E. L. Stewart, "An Extension to HTTP: Digest Access Authentication", RFC 2069, January 1997. [RFC2074] Bierman, A. and R. Iddon, "Remote Network Monitoring MIB Protocol Identifiers", RFC 2074, January 1997. [RFC2109] Kristol, D. and L. Montulli, "HTTP State Management Mechanism", RFC 2109, February 1997.
[RFC2138] Rigney, C., Rubens, A., Simpson, W. and W. Willens, "Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)", RFC 2138, April 1997. [RFC2139] Rigney, C., "RADIUS Accounting", RFC 2139, April 1997. [RFC2145] Mogul, J., Fielding, R., Gettys, J. and H. Frystyk, "Use and interpretation of HTTP version numbers", RFC 2145, May 1997. [RFC2205] Braden, R., Zhang, L., Berson, S., Herzog, S. and S. Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1 Functional Specification", RFC 2205, September, 1997. [RFC2233] McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group MIB Using SMIv2", RFC 2233, November, 1997. [RFC2271] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R. and B. Wijnen, "An Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks", RFC 2271, January 1998. [RFC2272] Case, J., Harrington D., Presuhn R. and B. Wijnen, "Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2272, January 1998. [RFC2273] Levi, D., Meyer, P. and B. Stewart, "SNMPv3 Applications", RFC 2273, January 1998. [RFC2274] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)", RFC 2274, January 1998. [RFC2275] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R. and K. McCloghrie, "View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2275, January 1998. [RFC2332] Luciani, J., Katz, D., Piscitello, D., Cole, B. and N. Doraswamy, "NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP)", RFC 2332, April 1998. [RFC2408] Maughan, D., Schertler, M., Schneider, M. and J. Turner, RFC 2408, November 1998. [RFC2570] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D. and B. Stewart, "Introduction to Version 3 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework", RFC 2570, April 1999.
[RFC2571] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R. and B. Wijnen, "An Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks", RFC 2571, April 1999. [RFC2572] Case, J., Harrington D., Presuhn R. and B. Wijnen, "Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2572, April 1999. [RFC2573] Levi, D., Meyer, P. and B. Stewart, "SNMPv3 Applications", RFC 2573, April 1999. [RFC2574] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)", RFC 2574, April 1999. [RFC2575] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R. and K. McCloghrie, "View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2575, April 1999. [RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999. [RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999. [RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, April 1999. [RFC2600] Reynolds, J. and R. Braden, "Internet Official Protocol Standards", STD 1, RFC 2600, March 2000. [RFC2895] Bierman, A., Bucci, C. and R. Iddon, "RMON Protocol Identifier Reference", RFC 2895, August 2000.7. Security Considerations
This document contains textual descriptions of well-known networking protocols, not the definition of any networking behavior. As such, no security considerations are raised by its publication.
8. Authors' Addresses
Andy Bierman Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA 95134 Phone: +1 408-527-3711 EMail: abierman@cisco.com Chris Bucci Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA 95134 Phone: +1 408-527-5337 EMail: cbucci@cisco.com Robin Iddon c/o 3Com Inc. Blackfriars House 40/50 Blackfrias Street Edinburgh, EH1 1NE, UK Phone: +44 131.558.3888 EMail: None
9. Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English. The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Acknowledgement Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society.