RFC 8148
Next-Generation Vehicle-Initiated Emergency Calls
10. Test Calls
An NG-ACN test call is a call that is recognized and treated to some extent as an NG-ACN call but is not given emergency call treatment nor handled by a PSAP call taker. The specific handling of test NG-ACN calls is outside the scope of this document; typically, the test call facility allows the IVS, user, or TSP to verify that an NG-ACN call can be successfully established with voice and/or other media communication. The IVS might also be able to verify that the crash data was successfully received. This document builds on [RFC8147], which inherits the ability to utilize test call functionality from Section 15 of [RFC6881]. A service URN starting with "test." indicates a test call. Per [RFC8147], "urn:service:test.sos.ecall" is used for test NG-ACN calls. MNOs, emergency authorities, ESInets, and PSAPs handle a vehicle call requesting the "test" service URN so that the desired functionality is tested, but this is outside the scope of this document. (One possibility is that MNOs route such calls as non-emergency calls to an ESInet, which routes them to a PSAP that supports NG-ACN calls; the PSAP accepts test calls, sends a crash data acknowledgment, and
plays an audio clip (for example, saying that the call reached an appropriate PSAP and the vehicle data was successfully processed) in addition to supporting media loopback per [RFC6881].) Note that since test calls are placed using "test" as the parent service URN and "sos" as a child, such calls are not treated as an emergency call, so some functionality might not apply (such as preemption or availability for devices lacking service ("non-service-initialized" (NSI) devices) if those are available for emergency calls).11. Example Call Initiation
Figure 10 shows an NG-ACN call initiation. The vehicle initiates an NG-ACN call using an MNO. The MNO routes the call to an ESInet, as for any emergency call. The ESInet routes the call to an appropriate NG-ACN-capable PSAP (using location information and the fact that it is an NG-ACN call). The call is processed by the Emergency Services Routing Proxy (ESRP), as the entry point to the ESInet. The ESRP routes the call to an appropriate NG-ACN-capable PSAP, where the call is handled by a call taker. (In deployments where there is no ESInet, the MNO itself routes the call directly to an appropriate NG-ACN-capable PSAP.) +---------------------------------------+ | | +------------+ | +-------+ | | | | | PSAP2 | | | | | +-------+ | | Originating| | | | Mobile | | +------+ +----------------------+ | Vehicle-->| Network |--|->| ESRP |--->| PSAP1 --> Call Taker | | | | | +------+ +----------------------+ | | | | | +------------+ | +-------+ | | | PSAP3 | | | +-------+ | | | | | | | | ESInet | +---------------------------------------+ Figure 10: Example Call Initiation Figure 11 illustrates an example SIP emergency call INVITE request as generated by the IVS. It includes a PIDF-LO with vehicle-determined location information, a VEDS block with crash data, and a metadata/
control block with capabilities data. The INVITE has a request URI containing the urn:service:sos.ecall.automatic service URN. For brevity, the example VEDS block does not show VEDS location information, although this is generally present. The example VEDS data structure shows information about a crashed vehicle. The example communicates that the car is a model year 2015 Saab 9-5 (a car that does not exist). The front airbag deployed as a consequence of the crash. The <VehicleBodyCategoryCode> indicates that the crashed vehicle is a passenger car (the code is set to "101") and that it is not a convertible (the <ConvertibleIndicator> value is set to "false"). The <VehicleCrashPulse> element provides further information about the crash, namely that the force of impact based on the change in velocity over the duration of the crash pulse was 100 MPH. The principal direction of the force of the impact is set to "12" (which refers to 12 o'clock, corresponding to a frontal collision). This value is in the <CrashPulsePrincipalDirectionOfForceValue> element. The <CrashPulseRolloverQuarterTurnsValue> indicates the number of quarter turns in concert with a rollover expressed as a number; in our case 1. No roll bar was deployed, as indicated in <VehicleRollbarDeployedIndicator> being set to "false". Next, there is information indicating seat belt and seat sensor data for individual seat positions in the vehicle. In our example, information from the driver seat is available (value "1" in the <VehicleSeatLocationCategoryCode> element) showing that the seat belt was monitored (<VehicleSeatbeltMonitoredIndicator> element), the seat belt was fastened (<VehicleSeatbeltFastenedIndicator> element), and the seat sensor determined that the seat was occupied (<VehicleSeatOccupiedIndicator> element). The weight of the vehicle when empty is listed as 600 kilograms in our example. The <SevereInjuryIndicator> element is set to "true", indicating a likelihood that a vehicle occupant has suffered a severe injury requiring immediate trauma care. Additional information is provided, including the presence of fuel leakage (<FuelLeakingIndicator> element), an indication whether the vehicle was subjected to multiple impacts (<MultipleImpactsIndicator> element), the orientation of the vehicle at final rest (<VehicleFinalRestOrientationCategoryCode> element), and an
indication that no parts of the vehicle are currently detected as
being on fire (the <VehicleFireIndicator> element).
INVITE urn:service:sos.ecall.automatic SIP/2.0
To: urn:service:sos.ecall.automatic
From: <sip:+13145551111@example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@atlanta.example.com
Geolocation: <cid:target123@example.com>
Geolocation-Routing: no
Call-Info: <cid:1234567890@atlanta.example.com>;
purpose=EmergencyCallData.VEDS
Call-Info: <cid:1234567892@atlanta.example.com>;
purpose=EmergencyCallData.Control
Accept: application/sdp, application/pidf+xml,
application/EmergencyCallData.Control+xml
Recv-Info: EmergencyCallData.eCall
Allow: INVITE, ACK, PRACK, INFO, OPTIONS, CANCEL, REFER, BYE,
SUBSCRIBE, NOTIFY, UPDATE
CSeq: 31862 INVITE
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=boundary1
Content-Length: ...
--boundary1
Content-Type: application/sdp
...Session Description Protocol (SDP) goes here
--boundary1
Content-Type: application/pidf+xml
Content-ID: <target123@atlanta.example.com>
Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<presence
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf"
xmlns:dm="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:data-model"
xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10"
xmlns:dyn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic"
xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml"
xmlns:gs="http://www.opengis.net/pidflo/1.0"
entity="sip:+13145551111@example.com">
<dm:device id="123">
<gp:geopriv>
<gp:location-info>
<gml:Point srsName="urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326">
<gml:pos>-34.407 150.883</gml:pos>
</gml:Point>
<dyn:Dynamic>
<dyn:heading>278</dyn:heading>
<dyn:direction></dyn:direction>
</dyn:Dynamic>
</gp:location-info>
<gp:usage-rules/>
<method>gps</method>
</gp:geopriv>
<timestamp>2012-04-5T10:18:29Z</timestamp>
<dm:deviceID>1M8GDM9A_KP042788</dm:deviceID>
</dm:device>
</presence>
--boundary1
Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.VEDS+xml
Content-ID: <1234567890@atlanta.example.com>
Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<AutomatedCrashNotification xmlns="http://www.veds.org/acn/1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<Crash>
<CrashVehicle>
<ItemMakeName xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
Saab
</ItemMakeName>
<ItemModelName xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
9-5
</ItemModelName>
<ItemModelYearDate
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
2015
</ItemModelYearDate>
<Airbag>
<AirbagCategoryCode>FRONT</AirbagCategoryCode>
<AirbagDeployedIndicator>true
</AirbagDeployedIndicator>
</Airbag>
<ConvertibleIndicator>false</ConvertibleIndicator>
<PowerSourceCategoryCode>MAIN</PowerSourceCategoryCode>
<VehicleBodyCategoryCode
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/domains/jxdm/4.1">
101
</VehicleBodyCategoryCode>
<VehicleCrashPulse>
<CrashPulseChangeInVelocityMeasure>
<MeasurePointValue
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
100
</MeasurePointValue>
<MeasureUnitText
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
MPH</MeasureUnitText>
</CrashPulseChangeInVelocityMeasure>
<CrashPulsePrincipalDirectionOfForceValue>12
</CrashPulsePrincipalDirectionOfForceValue>
<CrashPulseRolloverQuarterTurnsValue>1
</CrashPulseRolloverQuarterTurnsValue>
</VehicleCrashPulse>
<VehicleRollbarDeployedIndicator>false
</VehicleRollbarDeployedIndicator>
<VehicleSeat>
<VehicleSeatLocationCategoryCode>1
</VehicleSeatLocationCategoryCode>
<VehicleSeatOccupiedIndicator>true
</VehicleSeatOccupiedIndicator>
<VehicleSeatbeltFastenedIndicator>true
</VehicleSeatbeltFastenedIndicator>
<VehicleSeatbeltMonitoredIndicator>true
</VehicleSeatbeltMonitoredIndicator>
</VehicleSeat>
<VehicleUnladenWeightMeasure
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
<MeasurePointValue
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
600
</MeasurePointValue>
<MeasureUnitText
xmlns="http://niem.gov/niem/niem-core/2.0">
kilogram
</MeasureUnitText>
</VehicleUnladenWeightMeasure>
</CrashVehicle>
<FuelLeakingIndicator>true</FuelLeakingIndicator>
<MultipleImpactsIndicator>false</MultipleImpactsIndicator>
<SevereInjuryIndicator>true</SevereInjuryIndicator>
<VehicleFinalRestOrientationCategoryCode>Driver
</VehicleFinalRestOrientationCategoryCode>
<VehicleFireIndicator>false</VehicleFireIndicator>
</Crash>
</AutomatedCrashNotification>
--boundary1
Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.Control+xml
Content-ID: <1234567892@atlanta.example.com>
Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <EmergencyCallData.Control xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:control" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <capabilities> <request action="send-data" supported-datatypes="VEDS"/> <request action="lamp" supported-values="head;interior;fog-front;fog-rear; brake;position-front;position-rear;turn-left; turn-right;hazard"/> <request action="msg-static" int-id="3"/> <request action="msg-dynamic"/> <request action="honk"/> <request action="enable-camera" supported-values="backup;interior"/> <request action="door-lock"/> </capabilities> </EmergencyCallData.Control> --boundary1-- Figure 11: SIP INVITE for a Vehicle-Initiated Emergency Call12. Security Considerations
Since this document relies on [RFC8147] and [RFC7852], the security considerations described in those specifications apply here. The security considerations of [RFC5069] apply as well. Implementors are cautioned to read and understand the discussion in those documents. In emergency service systems where location data is supplied or determined with the assistance of an end host, it is possible that the location is incorrect, either intentionally (e.g., in a denial- of-service attack against the emergency services infrastructure) or due to a malfunctioning device. The reader is referred to [RFC7378] for a discussion of some of these vulnerabilities. In addition to the security considerations discussion specific to the metadata/control object in [RFC8147], note that vehicles MAY decline to carry out any requested action (e.g., if the vehicle requires but is unable to verify the certificate used to sign the request). The vehicle MAY use any value in the reason registry to indicate why it did not take an action (e.g., the generic "unable" or the more specific "security-failure"). Because some actions carry more potential risk than others (e.g., unlocking a door versus flashing lights), vehicle policy MAY decline to carry out some requests in
some circumstances (e.g., decline a request to unlock doors, send an updated VEDS, or enable a camera received in a vehicle-terminated call while carrying out such requests received in a vehicle-initiated emergency call).13. Privacy Considerations
Since this document builds on [RFC8147], which itself builds on [RFC7852], the data structures specified there, and the corresponding privacy considerations discussed there, apply here as well. The VEDS data structure contains optional elements that can carry identifying and personal information, both about the vehicle and about the owner, as well as location information, so it needs to be protected against unauthorized disclosure, as discussed in [RFC7852]. Local regulations may impose additional privacy protection requirements. The additional functionality enabled by this document, such as access to vehicle camera streams, carries a burden of protection, so implementations need to be careful that access is only provided within the context of an emergency call or to an emergency services provider (e.g., by verifying that the request for camera access is signed by a certificate issued by an emergency services registrar).14. IANA Considerations
This document registers the application/EmergencyCallData.VEDS+xml MIME media type and adds "VEDS" to the "Emergency Call Data Types" registry. This document adds to and creates sub-registries in the "Emergency Call Metadata/Control Data" registry created in [RFC8147]. In addition, this document registers a new INFO package.14.1. MIME Media Type Registration for application/ EmergencyCall.VEDS+xml
IANA has registered a new MIME media type according to the procedures of [RFC6838] and guidelines in [RFC7303]. MIME media type name: application MIME subtype name: EmergencyCallData.VEDS+xml Mandatory parameters: none Optional parameters: charset Indicates the character encoding of enclosed XML.
Encoding considerations:
Uses XML, which can employ 8-bit characters, depending on the
character encoding used. See Section 3.2 of RFC 7303
[RFC7303].
Security considerations:
This media type is designed to carry vehicle crash data
during an emergency call.
This data can contain personal information including vehicle
VIN, location, direction, etc. Appropriate precautions need
to be taken to limit unauthorized access, inappropriate
disclosure to third parties, and eavesdropping of this
information. Please refer to Sections 9 and 10 of [RFC7852]
for more information.
When this media type is contained in a signed or encrypted
body part, the enclosing multipart (e.g., multipart/signed
or multipart/encrypted) has the same Content-ID as the data
part. This allows an entity to identify and access the data
blocks it is interested in without having to dive deeply
into the message structure or decrypt parts it is not
interested in. (The "purpose" parameter in a Call-Info
header field identifies the data, and the CID URL points to
the data block in the body, which has a matching Content-ID
body part header field.)
Interoperability considerations: None
Published specification: [VEDS]
Applications which use this media type: Emergency Services
Additional information: None
Magic Number: None
File Extension: .xml
Macintosh file type code: TEXT
Persons and email addresses for further information:
Randall Gellens, rg+ietf@randy.pensive.org;
Hannes Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net
Intended usage: LIMITED USE
Author:
This specification is a work item of the IETF ECRIT working
group, with mailing list address <ecrit@ietf.org>.
Change controller: The IESG <ietf@ietf.org>
14.2. Registration of the "VEDS" Entry in the Emergency Call Data Types
Registry
IANA has added "VEDS" to the "Emergency Call Data Types" registry,
with a reference to this document; the "Data About" value is "The
Call". The "Emergency Call Data Types" registry was established by
[RFC7852].
14.3. New Action Values
This document adds new values for the "action" attribute of the
<request> element in the "Emergency Call Action" registry created by
[RFC8147].
+---------------+-------------------------+
| Name | Description |
+---------------+-------------------------+
| msg-static | Section 9.1 of RFC 8148 |
| | |
| msg-dynamic | Section 9.1 of RFC 8148 |
| | |
| honk | Section 9.1 of RFC 8148 |
| | |
| lamp | Section 9.1 of RFC 8148 |
| | |
| enable-camera | Section 9.1 of RFC 8148 |
| | |
| door-lock | Section 9.1 of RFC 8148 |
+---------------+-------------------------+
Table 1: Emergency Call Action Registry New Values
14.4. Emergency Call Static Messages Registry
This document creates a new sub-registry called "Emergency Call Static Messages" in the "Emergency Call Metadata/Control Data" registry established by [RFC8147]. Because compliant vehicles are expected to support all static messages translated into all languages supported by the vehicle, it is important to limit the number of such messages. As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates under "Specification Required", which requires a stable, public document and implies expert review of the publication. The expert should determine that the document has been published by an appropriate emergency services organization (e.g., NENA, EENA, or APCO) or by the IETF with input from an emergency services organization, and that the proposed message is sufficiently distinguishable from other messages. The contents of this registry are: ID: An integer identifier to be used in the "int-id" attribute of a metadata/control <request> element. Message: The text of the message. Messages are listed in the registry in English; vehicles are expected to implement translations into languages supported by the vehicle. When new messages are added to the registry, the message text is determined by the registrant; IANA assigns the IDs. Each message is assigned a consecutive integer value as its ID. This allows an IVS to indicate by a single integer value that it supports all messages with that value or lower. The value 0 is reserved; usable messages start with 1. The initial set of values is listed in Table 2. +----+--------------------------------------------------------------+ | ID | Message | +----+--------------------------------------------------------------+ | 0 | Reserved | | | | | 1 | Emergency services has received your information and | | | location but cannot speak with you right now. We will get | | | help to you as soon as possible. | +----+--------------------------------------------------------------+ Table 2: Emergency Call Static Messages Registry Initial Values
14.5. Emergency Call Vehicle Lamp IDs Registry
This document creates a new sub-registry called "Emergency Call Vehicle Lamp IDs" in the "Emergency Call Metadata/Control Data" registry established by [RFC8147]. This new sub-registry uniquely identifies the names of automotive lamps (lights). As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates under "Expert Review" rules. The expert should determine that the proposed lamp name is clearly understandable and is sufficiently distinguishable from other lamp names. The contents of this registry are: Name: The identifier to be used in the "element-id" attribute of a metadata/control <request> element. Description: A description of the lamp (light). The initial set of values is listed in Table 3. +----------------+---------------------------------------------+ | Name | Description | +----------------+---------------------------------------------+ | head | The main lamps used to light the road ahead | | | | | interior | Interior lamp, often at the top center | | | | | fog-front | Front fog lamps | | | | | fog-rear | Rear fog lamps | | | | | brake | Brake indicator lamps | | | | | brake-center | Center high-mounted stop lamp | | | | | position-front | Front position/parking/standing lamps | | | | | position-rear | Rear position/parking/standing lamps | | | | | turn-left | Left turn/directional lamps | | | | | turn-right | Right turn/directional lamps | | | | | hazard | Hazard/four-way lamps | +----------------+---------------------------------------------+ Table 3: Emergency Call Lamp ID Registry Initial Values
14.6. Emergency Call Vehicle Camera IDs Registry
This document creates a new sub-registry called "Emergency Call Vehicle Camera IDs" in the "Emergency Call Metadata/Control Data" registry established by [RFC8147]. This new sub-registry uniquely identifies automotive cameras. As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates under "Expert Review" rules. The expert should determine that the proposed camera name is clearly understandable and is sufficiently distinguishable from other camera names. The contents of this registry are: Name: The identifier to be used in the "element-id" attribute of a control <request> element. Description: A description of the camera. The initial set of values is listed in Table 4.
+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Description | +-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | backup | Shows what is behind the vehicle, e.g., often used | | | for driver display when the vehicle is in reverse. | | | Also known as rearview, reverse, rear visibility, | | | etc. | | | | | left-rear | Shows view to the left and behind (e.g., left-side | | | rearview mirror or blind spot view) | | | | | right-rear | Shows view to the right and behind (e.g., right- | | | side rearview mirror or blind spot view) | | | | | forward | Shows what is in front of the vehicle | | | | | rear-wide | Shows what is behind the vehicle (e.g., used by | | | rear-collision detection systems), separate from | | | backup view | | | | | lane | Used by systems to identify road lane and/or | | | monitor the vehicle's position within lane | | | | | interior | Shows the interior (e.g., driver) | | | | | night-front | Night-vision view of what is in front of the | | | vehicle | | | | | night-rear | Night-vision view of what is behind the vehicle | | | | | night-left | Night-vision view of what is to the left of the | | | vehicle | | | | | night-right | Night-vision view of what is to the right of the | | | vehicle | +-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+ Table 4: Emergency Call Vehicle Camera IDs Registry Initial Values
14.7. The EmergencyCallData.VEDS INFO Package
This document registers the EmergencyCallData.VEDS INFO package in the "Info Packages Registry". Both endpoints (the IVS and the PSAP equipment) include "EmergencyCallData.VEDS" in a Recv-Info header field per [RFC6086] to indicate the ability to receive SIP INFO messages carrying data as described here. Support for the EmergencyCallData.VEDS INFO package indicates the ability to receive NG-ACN-related body parts as specified in this document. A SIP INFO request message carrying data related to an emergency call as described in this document has an Info-Package header field set to "EmergencyCallData.VEDS" per [RFC6086]. The requirements of Section 10 of [RFC6086] are addressed in the following sections.14.7.1. Overall Description
This section describes what type of information is carried in INFO requests associated with the INFO package and for what types of applications and functionalities User Agents (UAs) can use the INFO package. SIP INFO requests associated with the EmergencyCallData.VEDS INFO package carry data associated with emergency calls as defined in this document. The application is vehicle-initiated emergency calls established using SIP. The functionality is to carry vehicle data and metadata/control information between vehicles and PSAPs.14.7.2. Applicability
This section describes why the INFO package mechanism, rather than some other mechanism, has been chosen for the specific use case. The use of the SIP INFO method is based on an analysis of the requirements against the intent and effects of the INFO method versus other approaches (which included the SIP MESSAGE method, SIP OPTIONS method, SIP re-INVITE method, media-plane transport, and non-SIP protocols). In particular, the transport of emergency call data blocks occurs within a SIP emergency dialog, per Section 7, and is normally carried in the initial INVITE request and its response; the use of the INFO method only occurs when emergency-call-related data needs to be sent mid call. While the SIP MESSAGE method could be
used, it is not tied to a SIP dialog as is the INFO method and thus might not be associated with the dialog. Both the SIP OPTIONS or re-INVITE methods could also be used, but they are seen as less clean than the INFO method. The SIP SUBSCRIBE/NOTIFY method could be coerced into service, but the semantics are not a good fit, e.g., the subscribe/notify mechanism provides one-way communication consisting of (often multiple) notifications from notifier to subscriber indicating that certain events in the notifier have occurred, whereas what's needed here is two-way communication of data related to the emergency dialog. Use of media-plane mechanisms was discounted because the number of messages needing to be exchanged in a dialog is normally zero or very few, and the size of the data is likewise very small. The overhead caused by user-plane setup (e.g., to use the Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP) as transport) would be disproportionately large. Based on the analyses, the SIP INFO method was chosen to provide for mid-call data transport.14.7.3. INFO Package Name
The INFO package name is EmergencyCallData.VEDS.14.7.4. INFO Package Parameters
None14.7.5. SIP Option-Tags
None14.7.6. INFO Request Body Parts
The body of an EmergencyCallData.VEDS INFO package is a multipart body containing zero or one application/EmergencyCallData.VEDS+xml parts (containing a VEDS data block), zero or more application/ EmergencyCallData.Control+xml (containing a metadata/control object) parts, and zero or one application/EmergencyCallData.eCall.MSD parts (containing an MSD). At least one VEDS, MSD, or metadata/control body part is expected; the behavior upon receiving a SIP INFO request with none is undefined. The body parts are sent per [RFC6086]; in addition, to align with how these body parts are sent in non-INFO messages, each associated body part is referenced by a Call-Info header field at the top level of the SIP message. The body part has a Content-Disposition header field set to "By-Reference".
A VEDS, metadata/control block, or MSD is always enclosed in a multipart body part (even if it would otherwise be the only body part in the SIP message). The outermost multipart that contains only body parts associated with the INFO package has a Content-Disposition value of "Info-Package". Service providers in the call path are not expected to add Additional Data [RFC7852] to SIP INFO requests (as they would to an initial INVITE request).14.7.7. INFO Package Usage Restrictions
Usage is limited to vehicle-initiated emergency calls as defined in this document.14.7.8. Rate of INFO Requests
The SIP INFO request is used within an established emergency call dialog to send requests, updated data, or an acknowledgment. Because requests are normally sent only on manual action of the PSAP call taker (who suspects some aspect of the vehicle state has changed) and updated data is sent only when an aspect of previously sent data has changed, the rate of SIP INFO requests associated with the EmergencyCallData.VEDS INFO package is normally quite low (most dialogs are likely to contain zero SIP INFO requests, while others can be expected to carry an occasional request).14.7.9. INFO Package Security Considerations
The MIME media type registrations for the data blocks that can be carried using this INFO package contains a discussion of the security and/or privacy considerations specific to that data block. See Sections 12 and 13 for information on the security and privacy considerations of the data carried in vehicle-initiated emergency calls.14.7.10. Implementation Details
See Sections 7 and 8 for protocol details.14.7.11. Examples
See Section 11 for protocol examples.
15. References
15.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, DOI 10.17487/RFC5226, May 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5226>. [RFC6086] Holmberg, C., Burger, E., and H. Kaplan, "Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) INFO Method and Package Framework", RFC 6086, DOI 10.17487/RFC6086, January 2011, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6086>. [RFC6838] Freed, N., Klensin, J., and T. Hansen, "Media Type Specifications and Registration Procedures", BCP 13, RFC 6838, DOI 10.17487/RFC6838, January 2013, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6838>. [RFC6881] Rosen, B. and J. Polk, "Best Current Practice for Communications Services in Support of Emergency Calling", BCP 181, RFC 6881, DOI 10.17487/RFC6881, March 2013, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6881>. [RFC7303] Thompson, H. and C. Lilley, "XML Media Types", RFC 7303, DOI 10.17487/RFC7303, July 2014, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7303>. [RFC7852] Gellens, R., Rosen, B., Tschofenig, H., Marshall, R., and J. Winterbottom, "Additional Data Related to an Emergency Call", RFC 7852, DOI 10.17487/RFC7852, July 2016, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7852>. [RFC8147] Gellens, R. and H. Tschofenig, "Next-Generation Pan- European eCall", RFC 8147, DOI 10.17487/RFC8147, May 2017, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8147>. [VEDS] APCO International, "Vehicular Emergency Data Set (VEDS)", Version 3.0, Prepared by the Advanced Automatic Crash Notification (AACN) Joint APCO/NENA Data Standardization Working Group, February 2012, <https://www.apcointl.org/ resources/telematics/aacn-and-veds.html>.
15.2. Informative references
[Bluetooth] Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), "Bluetooth Specifications", <https://www.bluetooth.com/ specifications>. [RFC5012] Schulzrinne, H. and R. Marshall, Ed., "Requirements for Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies", RFC 5012, DOI 10.17487/RFC5012, January 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5012>. [RFC5069] Taylor, T., Ed., Tschofenig, H., Schulzrinne, H., and M. Shanmugam, "Security Threats and Requirements for Emergency Call Marking and Mapping", RFC 5069, DOI 10.17487/RFC5069, January 2008, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5069>. [RFC6443] Rosen, B., Schulzrinne, H., Polk, J., and A. Newton, "Framework for Emergency Calling Using Internet Multimedia", RFC 6443, DOI 10.17487/RFC6443, December 2011, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6443>. [RFC7378] Tschofenig, H., Schulzrinne, H., and B. Aboba, Ed., "Trustworthy Location", RFC 7378, DOI 10.17487/RFC7378, December 2014, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7378>. [triage-2008] National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, "Recommendations from the Expert Panel: Advanced Automatic Collision Notification and Triage of the Injured Patient", Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008, <https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/5304/>. [triage-2011] National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, "Guidelines for Field Triage of Injured Patients: Recommendations of the National Expert Panel on Field Triage", Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2012, <https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ rr6101a1.htm>.
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Lena Chaponniere, Alissa Cooper, Stephen Edge, Christer Holmberg, Allison Mankin, and Dan Romascanu for their review and suggestions; Robert Sparks and Paul Kyzivat for their help with the SIP mechanisms; Michael Montag, Arnoud van Wijk, Ban Al-Bakri, Wes George, Gunnar Hellstrom, and Rex Buddenberg for their feedback; and Ulrich Dietz for his help with preliminary draft versions of the original document that later evolved into this document.Authors' Addresses
Randall Gellens Core Technology Consulting Email: rg+ietf@coretechnologyconsulting.com URI: http://www.coretechnologyconsulting.com Brian Rosen NeuStar, Inc. 470 Conrad Dr Mars, PA 16046 United States of America Email: br@brianrosen.net Hannes Tschofenig Individual Email: Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net URI: http://www.tschofenig.priv.at