4.  Certificate Life Cycle Operational Requirements

4.1.  Certificate Application

4.1.1.  Who Can Submit a Certificate Application

   Any subscriber in good standing who holds INRs distributed by <name
   of organization> may submit a certificate application to this CA.
   (The exact meaning of "in good standing" is in accordance with the
   policy of <name of organization>.)

4.1.2.  Enrollment Process and Responsibilities

   <Describe your enrollment process for issuing certificates both for
   initial deployment of the PKI and as an ongoing process.  Note that
   most of the certificates in this PKI are issued as part of your
   normal business practices, as an adjunct to INR distribution, and
   thus a separate application to request a certificate may not be
   necessary.  If so, reference should be made to where these practices
   are documented.>

4.2.  Certificate Application Processing

   <Describe the certificate request/response processing that you will
   employ.  You should make use of existing standards for certificate
   application processing (see [RFC6487]).>

4.2.1.  Performing Identification and Authentication Functions

   <Describe your practices for identification and authentication of
   certificate applicants.  Often, existing practices employed by you to
   identify and authenticate organizations can be used as the basis for
   issuance of certificates to these subscribers.  Reference can be made
   to documentation of such existing practices.>

4.2.2.  Approval or Rejection of Certificate Applications

   <Describe your practices for approval or rejection of applications,
   and refer to documentation of existing business practices relevant to
   this process.  Note that according to the CP, certificate
   applications will be approved based on the normal business practices
   of the entity operating the CA, based on the CA's records of
   subscribers.  The CP also says that each CA will follow the procedure
   specified in Section 3.2.1 to verify that the requester holds the
   private key corresponding to the public key that will be bound to the
   certificate the CA issues to the requester.>

4.2.3.  Time to Process Certificate Applications

   <Specify here your expected time frame for processing certificate
   applications.>

4.3.  Certificate Issuance

4.3.1.  CA Actions during Certificate Issuance

   <Describe your procedures for issuance and publication of a
   certificate.>

4.3.2.  Notification to Subscriber by the CA of Issuance of Certificate

   <Name of organization> will notify the subscriber when the
   certificate is published.  <Describe here your procedures for
   notifying a subscriber when a certificate has been published.>

4.3.3.  Notification of Certificate Issuance by the CA to Other Entities

   <Describe here any other entities that will be notified when a
   certificate is published.>

4.4.  Certificate Acceptance

4.4.1.  Conduct Constituting Certificate Acceptance

   When a certificate is issued, the <name of organization> CA will
   publish it to the repository and notify the subscriber.  <This may be
   done without subscriber review and acceptance.  State your policy
   with respect to subscriber certificate acceptance here.>

4.4.2.  Publication of the Certificate by the CA

   Certificates will be published at <insert repository URL here> once
   issued, following the conduct described in Section 4.4.1.  This will
   be done within <specify the time frame within which the certificate
   will be placed in the repository and the subscriber will be
   notified>.  <Describe any additional procedures with respect to
   publication of the certificate here.>

4.4.3.  Notification of Certificate Issuance by the CA to Other Entities

   <Describe here any other entities that will be notified when a
   certificate is published.>

4.5.  Key Pair and Certificate Usage

   A summary of the use model for the RPKI is provided below.

4.5.1.  Subscriber Private Key and Certificate Usage

   The certificates issued by <name of organization> to subordinate INR
   holders are CA certificates.  The private key associated with each of
   these certificates is used to sign subordinate (CA or EE)
   certificates and CRLs.

4.5.2.  Relying Party Public Key and Certificate Usage

   The primary relying parties in this PKI are organizations that use
   RPKI EE certificates to verify RPKI-signed objects.  Relying parties
   are referred to Section 4.5.2 of [RFC6484] for additional guidance
   with respect to acts of reliance on RPKI certificates.

4.6.  Certificate Renewal

4.6.1.  Circumstance for Certificate Renewal

   As per RFC 6484, a certificate will be processed for renewal based on
   its expiration date or a renewal request from the certificate
   Subject.  The request may be implicit, a side effect of renewing a
   resource holding agreement, or explicit.  If <name of organization>
   initiates the renewal process based on the certificate expiration
   date, then <name of organization> will notify the subscriber <insert
   the period of advance warning, e.g., "2 weeks in advance of the
   expiration date", or the general policy, e.g., "in conjunction with
   notification of service expiration">.  The validity interval of the
   new (renewed) certificate will overlap that of the previous
   certificate by <insert length of overlap period, e.g., 1 week>, to
   ensure uninterrupted coverage.

   Certificate renewal will incorporate the same public key as the
   previous certificate, unless the private key has been reported as
   compromised (see Section 4.9.1).  If a new key pair is being used,
   the stipulations of Section 4.7 will apply.

4.6.2.  Who May Request Renewal

   The subscriber or <name of organization> may initiate the renewal
   process.  <For the case of the subscriber, describe the procedures
   that will be used to ensure that the requester is the legitimate
   holder of the INRs in the certificate being renewed.  This MUST also
   include the method employed for verifying PoP of the private key
   corresponding to the public key in the certificate being renewed or
   the new public key if the public key is being changed.  With respect
   to authentication of the subscriber, the procedures should be
   commensurate with those you already employ in the maintenance of INR
   distribution records.  If you operate a BPKI for this, describe how
   that business-based PKI is used to authenticate renewal requests, and
   refer to Section 3.2.6.>

4.6.3.  Processing Certificate Renewal Requests

   <Describe your procedures for handling certificate renewal requests.
   Describe how you verify that the requester is the subscriber or is
   authorized by the subscriber, and that the certificate in question
   has not been revoked.>

4.6.4.  Notification of New Certificate Issuance to Subscriber

   <Name of organization> will notify the subscriber when the
   certificate is published.  <Describe your procedure for notification
   of new certificate issuance to the subscriber.  This should be
   consistent with Section 4.3.2.>

4.6.5.  Conduct Constituting Acceptance of a Renewal Certificate

   See Section 4.4.1.  <If you employ a different policy from that
   specified in Section 4.4.1, describe it here.>

4.6.6.  Publication of the Renewal Certificate by the CA

   See Section 4.4.2.

4.6.7.  Notification of Certificate Issuance by the CA to Other Entities

   See Section 4.4.3.

4.7.  Certificate Re-key

4.7.1.  Circumstance for Certificate Re-key

   As per RFC 6484, re-key of a certificate will be performed only when
   required, based on:

   1. knowledge or suspicion of compromise or loss of the associated
      private key, or

   2. the expiration of the cryptographic lifetime of the associated key
      pair

   If a certificate is revoked to replace the RFC 3779 extensions, the
   replacement certificate will incorporate the same public key, not a
   new key.

   If the re-key is based on a suspected compromise, then the previous
   certificate will be revoked.

4.7.2.  Who May Request Certification of a New Public Key

   Only the holder of a certificate may request a re-key.  In addition,
   <name of organization> may initiate a re-key based on a verified
   compromise report.  <If the subscriber (certificate Subject) requests
   the re-key, describe how authentication is effected, e.g., using the
   <name of registry> BPKI.  Describe how a compromise report received
   from other than a subscriber is verified.>

4.7.3.  Processing Certificate Re-keying Requests

   <Describe your process for handling re-keying requests.  As per the
   RPKI CP, this should be consistent with the process described in
   Section 4.3, so reference can be made to that section.>

4.7.4.  Notification of New Certificate Issuance to Subscriber

   <Describe your policy for notifying the subscriber regarding
   availability of the new re-keyed certificate.  This should be
   consistent with the notification process for any new certificate
   issuance (see Section 4.3.2).>

4.7.5.  Conduct Constituting Acceptance of a Re-keyed Certificate

   When a re-keyed certificate is issued, the CA will publish it in the
   repository and notify the subscriber.  See Section 4.4.1.

4.7.6.  Publication of the Re-keyed Certificate by the CA

   <Describe your policy regarding publication of the new certificate.
   This should be consistent with the publication process for any new
   certificate (see Section 4.4.2).>

4.7.7.  Notification of Certificate Issuance by the CA to Other Entities

   See Section 4.4.3.

4.8.  Certificate Modification

4.8.1.  Circumstance for Certificate Modification

   As per RFC 6484, modification of a certificate occurs to implement
   changes to the RFC 3779 extension values or the SIA extension in a
   certificate.  A subscriber can request a certificate modification
   when this information in a currently valid certificate has changed,
   as a result of changes in the INR holdings of the subscriber, or as a
   result of change of the repository publication point data.

   If a subscriber is to receive a distribution of INRs in addition to a
   current distribution, and if the subscriber does not request that a
   new certificate be issued containing only these additional INRs, then
   this is accomplished through a certificate modification.  When a
   certificate modification is approved, a new certificate is issued.
   The new certificate will contain the same public key and the same
   expiration date as the original certificate, but with the incidental
   information corrected and/or the INR distribution expanded.  When
   previously distributed INRs are to be removed from a certificate,
   then the old certificate will be revoked and a new certificate
   (reflecting the new distribution) issued.

4.8.2.  Who May Request Certificate Modification

   The subscriber or <name of organization> may initiate the certificate
   modification process.  <For the case of the subscriber, state here
   what steps will be taken to verify the identity and authorization of
   the entity requesting the modification.>

4.8.3.  Processing Certificate Modification Requests

   <Describe your procedures for verification of the modification
   request and procedures for the issuance of a new certificate.  These
   should be consistent with the processes described in Sections 4.2
   and 4.3.1.>

4.8.4.  Notification of Modified Certificate Issuance to Subscriber

   <Describe your procedure for notifying the subscriber about the
   issuance of a modified certificate.  This should be consistent
   with the notification process for any new certificate (see
   Section 4.3.2).>

4.8.5.  Conduct Constituting Acceptance of Modified Certificate

   When a modified certificate is issued, <name of organization> will
   publish it to the repository and notify the subscriber.  See
   Section 4.4.1.

4.8.6.  Publication of the Modified Certificate by the CA

   <Describe your procedure for publication of a modified certificate.
   This should be consistent with the publication process for any new
   certificate (see Section 4.4.2).>

4.8.7.  Notification of Certificate Issuance by the CA to Other Entities

   See Section 4.4.3.

4.9.  Certificate Revocation and Suspension

4.9.1.  Circumstances for Revocation

   As per RFC 6484, certificates can be revoked for several reasons.
   Either <name of organization> or the subject may choose to end the
   relationship expressed in the certificate, thus creating cause to
   revoke the certificate.  If one or more of the INRs bound to the
   public key in the certificate are no longer associated with the
   subject, that too constitutes a basis for revocation.  A certificate
   also may be revoked due to loss or compromise of the private key
   corresponding to the public key in the certificate.  Finally, a
   certificate may be revoked in order to invalidate data signed by the
   private key associated with that certificate.

4.9.2.  Who Can Request Revocation

   The subscriber or <name of organization> may request a revocation.
   <For the case of the subscriber, describe what steps will be taken to
   verify the identity and authorization of the entity requesting the
   revocation.>

4.9.3.  Procedure for Revocation Request

   <Describe your process for handling a certificate revocation request.
   This should include:

   o  Procedure to be used by the subscriber to request a revocation.

   o  Procedure for notification of the subscriber when the revocation
      is initiated by <name of organization>.>

4.9.4.  Revocation Request Grace Period

   A subscriber is required to request revocation as soon as possible
   after the need for revocation has been identified.

4.9.5.  Time within Which CA Must Process the Revocation Request

   <Describe your policy on the time period within which you will
   process a revocation request.>

4.9.6.  Revocation Checking Requirement for Relying Parties

   As per RFC 6484, a relying party is responsible for acquiring and
   checking the most recent, scheduled CRL from the issuer of the
   certificate, whenever the relying party validates a certificate.

4.9.7.  CRL Issuance Frequency

   <State the CRL issuance frequency for the CRLs that you publish.>
   Each CRL contains a nextUpdate value, and a new CRL will be published
   at or before that time.  <Name of organization> will set the
   nextUpdate value when it issues a CRL, to signal when the next
   scheduled CRL will be issued.

4.9.8.  Maximum Latency for CRLs

   A CRL will be published to the repository system within <state the
   maximum latency> after generation.

4.10.  Certificate Status Services

   <Name of organization> does not support the Online Certificate Status
   Protocol (OCSP) or the Server-Based Certificate Validation Protocol
   (SCVP).  <Name of organization> issues CRLs.

5.  Facility, Management, and Operational Controls

5.1.  Physical Controls

   <As per RFC 6484, describe the physical controls that you employ for
   certificate management.  These should be commensurate with those used
   in the management of INR distribution.>

5.1.1.  Site Location and Construction

5.1.2.  Physical Access

5.1.3.  Power and Air Conditioning

5.1.4.  Water Exposures

5.1.5.  Fire Prevention and Protection

5.1.6.  Media Storage

5.1.7.  Waste Disposal

5.1.8.  Off-Site Backup

5.2.  Procedural Controls

   <As per RFC 6484, describe the procedural security controls that you
   employ for certificate management.  These should be commensurate with
   those used in the management of INR distribution.>

5.2.1.  Trusted Roles

5.2.2.  Number of Persons Required per Task

5.2.3.  Identification and Authentication for Each Role

5.2.4.  Roles Requiring Separation of Duties

5.3.  Personnel Controls

   <As per RFC 6484, describe the personnel security controls that you
   employ for individuals associated with certificate management.  These
   should be commensurate with those used in the management of INR
   distribution.>

5.3.1.  Qualifications, Experience, and Clearance Requirements

5.3.2.  Background Check Procedures

5.3.3.  Training Requirements

5.3.4.  Retraining Frequency and Requirements

5.3.5.  Job Rotation Frequency and Sequence

5.3.6.  Sanctions for Unauthorized Actions

5.3.7.  Independent Contractor Requirements

5.3.8.  Documentation Supplied to Personnel

5.4.  Audit Logging Procedures

   <As per the CP, describe in the following sections the details of how
   you implement audit logging.>

5.4.1.  Types of Events Recorded

   Audit records will be generated for the basic operations of the
   Certification Authority computing equipment.  Audit records will
   include the date, time, responsible user or process, and summary
   content data relating to the event.  Auditable events include:

   o  Access to CA computing equipment (e.g., logon, logout)

   o  Messages received requesting CA actions (e.g., certificate
      requests, certificate revocation requests, compromise
      notifications)

   o  Certificate creation, modification, revocation, or renewal actions

   o  Posting of any material to a repository

   o  Any attempts to change or delete audit data

   o  Key generation

   o  Software and/or configuration updates to the CA

   o  Clock adjustments

   <List here any additional types of events that will be audited.>

5.4.2.  Frequency of Processing Log

   <Describe your procedures for review of audit logs.>

5.4.3.  Retention Period for Audit Log

   <Describe your policies for retention of audit logs.>

5.4.4.  Protection of Audit Log

   <Describe your policies for protection of the audit logs.>

5.4.5.  Audit Log Backup Procedures

   <Describe your policies for backup of the audit logs.>

5.4.6.  Audit Collection System (Internal vs. External) [OMITTED]

5.4.7.  Notification to Event-Causing Subject [OMITTED]

5.4.8.  Vulnerability Assessments

   <Describe any vulnerability assessments that you will apply (or have
   already applied) to the PKI subsystems.  This should include whether
   such assessments have taken place and any procedures or plans to
   perform or repeat/reassess vulnerabilities in the future.>

5.5.  Records Archival [OMITTED]

5.6.  Key Changeover

   The <name of organization> CA certificate will contain a validity
   period that is at least as long as that of any certificate being
   issued under that certificate.  When <name of organization> CA
   changes keys, it will follow the procedures described in [RFC6489].

5.7.  Compromise and Disaster Recovery

   <Describe your plans for dealing with CA key compromise and how you
   plan to continue/restore operation of your RPKI CA in the event of a
   disaster.>

5.8.  CA or RA Termination

   <Describe your policy for management of your CA's INR distributions
   in case of its own termination.>

6.  Technical Security Controls

   This section describes the security controls used by <name of
   organization>.

6.1.  Key Pair Generation and Installation

6.1.1.  Key Pair Generation

   <Describe the procedures used to generate the CA key pair and, if
   applicable, key pairs for subscribers.  In most instances, public-key
   pairs will be generated by the subscriber, i.e., the organization
   receiving the distribution of INRs.  However, your procedures may
   include one for generating key pairs on behalf of your subscribers if
   they so request.>

6.1.2.  Private Key Delivery to Subscriber

   <If the procedures in Section 6.1.1 include providing key pair
   generation services for subscribers, describe the means by which
   private keys are delivered to subscribers in a secure fashion.
   Otherwise, say this is not applicable.>

6.1.3.  Public Key Delivery to Certificate Issuer

   <Describe the procedures that will be used to deliver a subscriber's
   public keys to the <name of organization> RPKI CA.  These procedures
   MUST ensure that the public key has not been altered during transit
   and that the subscriber possesses the private key corresponding to
   the transferred public key.>  See RFC 6487 for details.

6.1.4.  CA Public Key Delivery to Relying Parties

   CA public keys for all entities (other than trust anchors) are
   contained in certificates issued by other CAs and will be published
   to the RPKI repository system.  Relying parties will download these
   certificates from this system.  Public key values and associated data
   for (putative) trust anchors will be distributed out of band and
   accepted by relying parties on the basis of locally defined criteria,
   e.g., embedded in path validation software that will be made
   available to the Internet community.

6.1.5.  Key Sizes

   The key sizes used in this PKI are as specified in [RFC6485].

6.1.6.  Public Key Parameter Generation and Quality Checking

   The public key algorithms and parameters used in this PKI are as
   specified in [RFC6485].

   <If the procedures in Section 6.1.1 include subscriber key pair
   generation, EITHER insert here text specifying that the subscriber is
   responsible for performing checks on the quality of its key pair and
   saying that <name of organization> is not responsible for performing
   such checks for subscribers OR describe the procedures used by the CA
   for checking the quality of these subscriber key pairs.>

6.1.7.  Key Usage Purposes (as per X.509 v3 Key Usage Field)

   The KeyUsage extension bit values employed in RPKI certificates are
   specified in [RFC6487].

6.2.  Private Key Protection and Cryptographic Module Engineering
      Controls

6.2.1.  Cryptographic Module Standards and Controls

   <Describe the standards and controls employed for the CA
   cryptographic module, e.g., it was evaluated under FIPS 140-2/3, at
   level 2 or 3.  See [FIPS] for details.>

6.2.2.  Private Key (n out of m) Multi-Person Control

   <If you choose to use multi-person controls to constrain access to
   your CA's private keys, then insert the following text.  "There will
   be private key <insert here n> out of <insert here m> multi-person
   control.">

6.2.3.  Private Key Escrow

   <No private key escrow procedures are required for the RPKI, but if
   the CA chooses to employ escrow, state so here.>

6.2.4.  Private Key Backup

   <Describe the procedures used for backing up your CA's private key.
   The following aspects should be included.  (1) The copying should be
   done under the same multi-party control as is used for controlling
   the original private key.  (2) At least one copy should be kept at an
   off-site location for disaster recovery purposes.>

6.2.5.  Private Key Archival

   See Sections 6.2.3 and 6.2.4.

6.2.6.  Private Key Transfer into or from a Cryptographic Module

   The private key for the <name of organization> production CA <if
   appropriate, change "production CA" to "production and offline CAs">
   will be generated by the cryptographic module specified in
   Section 6.2.1.  The private keys will never leave the module except
   in encrypted form for backup and/or transfer to a new module.

6.2.7.  Private Key Storage on Cryptographic Module

   The private key for the <name of organization> production CA <if
   appropriate, change "production CA" to "production and offline CAs">
   will be stored in the cryptographic module.  It will be protected
   from unauthorized use <say how here>.

6.2.8.  Method of Activating Private Key

   <Describe the mechanisms and data used to activate your CA's private
   key.>

6.2.9.  Method of Deactivating Private Key

   <Describe the process and procedure for private key deactivation
   here.>

6.2.10.  Method of Destroying Private Key

   <Describe the method used for destroying your CA's private key, e.g.,
   when it is superseded.  This will depend on the particular module.>

6.2.11.  Cryptographic Module Rating

   <Describe the rating of the cryptographic module used by the CA, if
   applicable.>

6.3.  Other Aspects of Key Pair Management

6.3.1.  Public Key Archival

   <Because this PKI does not support non-repudiation, there is no need
   to archive public keys.  If keys are not archived, say so.  If they
   are, describe the archive processes and procedures.>

6.3.2.  Certificate Operational Periods and Key Pair Usage Periods

   The <name of organization> CA's key pair will have a validity
   interval of <insert number of years>.  <These key pairs and
   certificates should have reasonably long validity intervals, e.g.,
   10 years, to minimize the disruption caused by key changeover.  Note
   that the CA's key lifetime is under the control of its issuer, so the
   CPS MUST reflect the key lifetime imposed by the issuer.>

6.4.  Activation Data

6.4.1.  Activation Data Generation and Installation

   <Describe how activation data for your CA will be generated.>

6.4.2.  Activation Data Protection

   Activation data for the CA private key will be protected by <describe
   your procedures here>.

6.4.3.  Other Aspects of Activation Data

   <Add here any details you wish to provide with regard to the
   activation data for your CA.  If there are none, say "None".>

6.5.  Computer Security Controls

   <Describe your security requirements for the computers used to
   support this PKI, e.g., requirements for authenticated logins, audit
   capabilities, etc.  These requirements should be commensurate with
   those used for the computers used for managing distribution of INRs.>

6.6.  Life Cycle Technical Controls

6.6.1.  System Development Controls

   <Describe any system development controls that apply to the PKI
   systems, e.g., use of Trusted System Development Methodology (TSDM).>

6.6.2.  Security Management Controls

   <Describe the security management controls that will be used for the
   RPKI software and equipment employed by the CA.  These security
   measures should be commensurate with those used for the systems used
   by the CAs for managing and distributing INRs.>

6.6.3.  Life Cycle Security Controls

   <Describe how the equipment (hardware and software) used for RPKI
   functions will be procured, installed, maintained, and updated.  This
   should be done in a fashion commensurate with the way in which
   equipment for the management and distribution of INRs is handled.>

6.7.  Network Security Controls

   <Describe the network security controls that will be used for CA
   operation.  These should be commensurate with the network security
   controls employed for the computers used for managing distribution of
   INRs.>

6.8.  Time-Stamping

   The RPKI does not make use of time-stamping.

7.  Certificate and CRL Profiles

   See [RFC6487].

8.  Compliance Audit and Other Assessments

   <List here any audit and other assessments used to ensure the
   security of the administration of INRs.  These are sufficient for the
   RPKI systems.  However, additional forms of security assessments are
   a good idea and should be listed if performed.>

9.  Other Business and Legal Matters

   <The sections below are optional.  Fill them in as appropriate for
   your organization.  The CP says that CAs should cover Sections 9.1
   to 9.11 and 9.13 to 9.16, although not every CA will choose to do so.
   Note that the manner in which you manage your business and legal
   matters for this PKI should be commensurate with the way in which you
   manage business and legal matters for the distribution of INRs.>

9.1.  Fees

9.1.1.  Certificate Issuance or Renewal Fees

9.1.2.  Certificate Access Fees [OMITTED]

9.1.3.  Revocation or Status Information Access Fees [OMITTED]

9.1.4.  Fees for Other Services (if Applicable)

9.1.5.  Refund Policy

9.2.  Financial Responsibility

9.2.1.  Insurance Coverage

9.2.2.  Other Assets

9.2.3.  Insurance or Warranty Coverage for End-Entities

9.3.  Confidentiality of Business Information

9.3.1.  Scope of Confidential Information

9.3.2.  Information Not within the Scope of Confidential Information

9.3.3.  Responsibility to Protect Confidential Information

9.4.  Privacy of Personal Information

9.4.1.  Privacy Plan

9.4.2.  Information Treated as Private

9.4.3.  Information Not Deemed Private

9.4.4.  Responsibility to Protect Private Information

9.4.5.  Notice and Consent to Use Private Information

9.4.6.  Disclosure Pursuant to Judicial or Administrative Process

9.4.7.  Other Information Disclosure Circumstances

9.5.  Intellectual Property Rights (if Applicable)

9.6.  Representations and Warranties

9.6.1.  CA Representations and Warranties

9.6.2.  Subscriber Representations and Warranties

9.6.3.  Relying Party Representations and Warranties

9.7.  Disclaimers of Warranties

9.8.  Limitations of Liability

9.9.  Indemnities

9.10.  Term and Termination

9.10.1.  Term

9.10.2.  Termination

9.10.3.  Effect of Termination and Survival

9.11.  Individual Notices and Communications with Participants

9.12.  Amendments

9.12.1.  Procedure for Amendment

9.12.2.  Notification Mechanism and Period

9.13.  Dispute Resolution Provisions

9.14.  Governing Law

9.15.  Compliance with Applicable Law

9.16.  Miscellaneous Provisions

9.16.1.  Entire Agreement

9.16.2.  Assignment

9.16.3.  Severability

9.16.4.  Enforcement (Attorneys' Fees and Waiver of Rights)

9.16.5.  Force Majeure

<END TEMPLATE TEXT>

10.  Security Considerations

   The degree to which a relying party can trust the binding embodied in
   a certificate depends on several factors.  These factors can include

   o  the practices followed by the Certification Authority (CA) in
      authenticating the subject

   o  the CA's operating policy, procedures, and technical security
      controls, including the scope of the subscriber's responsibilities
      (for example, in protecting the private key)

   o  the stated responsibilities and liability terms and conditions of
      the CA (for example, warranties, disclaimers of warranties, and
      limitations of liability)

   This document provides a framework to address the technical,
   procedural, personnel, and physical security aspects of Certification
   Authorities, Registration Authorities, repositories, subscribers, and
   relying party cryptographic modules, in order to ensure that the
   certificate generation, publication, renewal, re-key, usage, and
   revocation are done in a secure manner.  Specifically, the following
   sections are oriented towards ensuring the secure operation of the
   PKI entities such as CA, RA, repository, subscriber systems, and
   relying party systems:

      Section 3 ("Identification and Authentication" (I&A))
      Section 4 ("Certificate Life Cycle Operational Requirements")
      Section 5 ("Facility, Management, and Operational Controls")
      Section 6 ("Technical Security Controls")
      Section 7 ("Certificate and CRL Profiles")
      Section 8 ("Compliance Audit and Other Assessments")

11.  References

11.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC6484]  Kent, S., Kong, D., Seo, K., and R. Watro, "Certificate
              Policy (CP) for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
              (RPKI)", BCP 173, RFC 6484, February 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6484>.

   [RFC6485]  Huston, G., "The Profile for Algorithms and Key Sizes for
              Use in the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI)",
              RFC 6485, February 2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/
              info/rfc6485>.

   [RFC6487]  Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and R. Loomans, "A Profile for
              X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates", RFC 6487,
              February 2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6487>.

11.2.  Informative References

   [FIPS]     Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 140-3
              (FIPS-140-3), "Security Requirements for Cryptographic
              Modules", Information Technology Laboratory, National
              Institute of Standards and Technology, Work in Progress.

   [RFC3647]  Chokhani, S., Ford, W., Sabett, R., Merrill, C., and S.
              Wu, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
              Policy and Certification Practices Framework", RFC 3647,
              November 2003, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3647>.

   [RFC6480]  Lepinski, M. and S. Kent, "An Infrastructure to Support
              Secure Internet Routing", RFC 6480, February 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6480>.

   [RFC6481]  Huston, G., Loomans, R., and G. Michaelson, "A Profile for
              Resource Certificate Repository Structure", RFC 6481,
              February 2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6481>.

   [RFC6482]  Lepinski, M., Kent, S., and D. Kong, "A Profile for Route
              Origin Authorizations (ROAs)", RFC 6482, February 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6482>.

   [RFC6486]  Austein, R., Huston, G., Kent, S., and M. Lepinski,
              "Manifests for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
              (RPKI)", RFC 6486, February 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6486>.

   [RFC6489]  Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and S. Kent, "Certification
              Authority (CA) Key Rollover in the Resource Public Key
              Infrastructure (RPKI)", BCP 174, RFC 6489, February 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6489>.

Acknowledgments

   The authors would like to thank Matt Lepinski for help with the
   formatting, Ron Watro for assistance with the editing, and other
   members of the SIDR working group for reviewing this document.

Authors' Addresses

   Stephen Kent
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge, MA  02138
   United States

   Phone: +1 (617) 873-3988
   EMail: skent@bbn.com


   Derrick Kong
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge, MA  02138
   United States

   Phone: +1 (617) 873-1951
   EMail: dkong@bbn.com


   Karen Seo
   BBN Technologies
   10 Moulton Street
   Cambridge, MA  02138
   United States

   Phone: +1 (617) 873-3152
   EMail: kseo@bbn.com