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RFC 3666

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Call Flows

Pages: 118
Best Current Practice: 76
→ Errata
Part 2 of 4 – Pages 23 to 54
First   Prev   Next

 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 23   prevText 
2.3.  Successful SIP to ISUP PSTN call with overflow


   Alice          Proxy 1         NGW 1          NGW 2        Switch B
    |              |              |              |              |
    |  INVITE F1   |              |              |              |
    |------------->|              |              |              |
    |              |  INVITE F2   |              |              |
    |    100  F3   |------------->|              |              |
    |<-------------|    503 F4    |              |              |
    |              |<-------------|              |              |
    |              |    ACK F5    |              |              |
    |              |------------->|              |              |
    |              |   INVITE F6                 |              |
    |              |---------------------------->|     IAM F7   |
    |              |                             |------------->|
    |              |                             |     ACM F8   |
    |              |            183 F9           |<-------------|
    |   183 F10    |<----------------------------|              |
    |<-------------|                             |              |
    |               Two Way RTP Media            | One Way Voice|
    |<==========================================>|<=============|
    |              |                             |    ANM F11   |
    |              |           200 F12           |<-------------|
    |    200 F13   |<----------------------------|              |
    |<-------------|                             |              |
    |    ACK F14   |                             |              |
    |------------->|            ACK F15          |              |
    |              |---------------------------->|              |
    |             Both Way RTP Media             |Both Way Voice|
    |<==========================================>|<============>|
    |    BYE F16   |                             |              |
    |------------->|           BYE F17           |              |
    |              |---------------------------->|              |
    |              |           200 F18           |              |
    |    200 F19   |<----------------------------|    REL F20   |
    |<-------------|                             |------------->|
    |              |                             |    RLC F21   |
    |              |                             |<-------------|
    |              |                             |              |

   Alice calls Bob through Proxy 1.  Proxy 1 tries to route to a Network
   Gateway NGW 1.  NGW 1 is not available and responds with a 503
   Service Unavailable (F4).  The call is then routed to Network Gateway
   NGW 2.  Bob answers the call.  The call is terminated when Alice
   disconnects the call.  NGW 2 and Bob's telephone switch use ANSI ISUP
   signaling.
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 24 
   NGW 2 also only accepts SIP messages that come through Proxy 1, so
   the Contact URI sip:ngw2@a.example.com is used in this flow.

   This flow shows UDP transport.

   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="a.example.com", nonce="b59311c3ba05b401cf80b2a2c5ac51b0",
    opaque="", uri="sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone",
    response="ba6ab44923fa2614b28e3e3957789ab0"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 uses a Location Service function to determine where B is
   located.  Proxy 1 receives a primary route NGW 1 and a secondary
   route NGW 2.  NGW 1 is tried first */


   F2 INVITE Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ngw1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 25 
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F3 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F4 503 Service Unavailable NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 503 Service Unavailable
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=123456789
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 26 
   F5 ACK Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   ACK sip:ngw1@a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com>;user=phone>
    ;tag=123456789
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Proxy 1 now tries secondary route to NGW 2 */


   F6 INVITE Proxy 1 -> NGW 2

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ngw2.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.2
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F7 IAM NGW 2 -> Bob

   IAM
   CdPN=972-555-2222,NPI=E.164,NOA=National
   CgPN=314-555-1111,NPI=E.164,NOA=National
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 27 
   F8 ACM Bob -> NGW 2

   ACM


   F9 183 Session Progress NGW 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.2
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw2@a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146

   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* RTP packets are sent by GW to A for audio (e.g. ring tone) */


   F10 183 Session Progress Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw2@a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 28 
   Content-Length: 146

   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F11 ANM Bob -> NGW 2

   ANM


   F12 200 OK NGW 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.2
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw2@a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146

   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F13 200 OK Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 29 
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw2@a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146

   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw2.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F14 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:ngw2@a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F15 ACK Proxy 1 -> NGW 2

   ACK sip:ngw2@a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.2
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 30 
   Content-Length: 0

   /* RTP streams are established between A and B(via the GW) */

   /* Alice Hangs Up with Bob. */


   F16 BYE Alice -> Proxy 1

   BYE sip:ngw2@a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F17 BYE Proxy 1 -> NGW 2

   BYE sip:ngw2@a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.2
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F18 200 OK NGW 2 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.2
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 31 
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F19 200 OK Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F20 REL NGW 2 -> B

   REL
   CauseCode=16 Normal


   F21 RLC B -> NGW 2

   RLC
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 32 
2.4.  Successful SIP to SIP using ENUM Query


   Alice         DNS Server         Proxy 3            Bob
     |                |                |                |
     |  ENUM Query F1 |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |   Response F2  |                |                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |            INVITE F3            |                |
     |-------------------------------->|    INVITE F4   |
     |             100 F5              |--------------->|
     |<--------------------------------|      180 F6    |
     |             180 F7              |<---------------|
     |<--------------------------------|                |
     |                                 |     200 F8     |
     |             200 F9              |<---------------|
     |<--------------------------------|                |
     |             ACK F10             |                |
     |-------------------------------->|     ACK F11    |
     |                                 |--------------->|
     |                Both Way RTP Media                |
     |<================================================>|
     |                                 |     BYE F12    |
     |             BYE F13             |<---------------|
     |<--------------------------------|                |
     |             200 F14             |                |
     |-------------------------------->|     200 F15    |
     |                                 |--------------->|
     |                                 |                |

   In this scenario, Alice places a call to Bob by dialing Bob's
   telephone number (9725552222).  Alice's UA converts the phone number
   to an E.164 number (+19725552222), and performs an ENUM query [9] on
   the E.164 number (2.2.2.2.5.5.5.2.7.9.1.e164.arpa), which returns a
   NAPTR record containing a SIP AOR URI for Bob
   (sip:+19725552222@b.example.com).  As a result, Alice's UA sends an
   INVITE and the call completes over IP bypassing the PSTN.

   The call is terminated when Bob sends a BYE message.

   Message Details

   F1 ENUM Query Alice -> DNS Server

   2.2.2.2.5.5.5.2.7.9.1.e164.arpa
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 33 
   F2 ENUM NAPTR Set DNS Server -> Alice

   $ORIGIN 2.2.2.2.5.5.5.2.7.9.1.e164.arpa.
         IN NAPTR 100 10 "u" "sip+E2U"
                "!^.*$!sip:+19725552222@b.example.com!".


   F3 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 3

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@b.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:+13145551111@client.a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F4 INVITE Proxy 3 -> Bob

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss3.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e418c4.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:+13145551111@client.a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=UserA 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 34 
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F5 100 Trying Proxy 3 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F6 180 Ringing B -> Proxy 3

   SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss3.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e418c4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.233
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0


   F7 180 Ringing Proxy 3 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 35 
   F8 200 OK Bob -> Proxy 3

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss3.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e418c4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.233
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.b.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.b.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F9 200 OK Proxy -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 151

   v=0
   o=bob 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 client.b.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 192.0.2.100
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 36 
   F10 ACK Alice -> Proxy 3

   ACK sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bq9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F11 ACK Proxy 3 -> Bob

   ACK sip:+19725552222@client.b.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss3.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e418c4.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bq9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   From: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 2 ACK
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 0

   /* RTP streams are established between A and B*/

   /* User B Hangs Up with User A. */


   F12 BYE Bob -> Proxy 3

   BYE sip:+13145551111@client.a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKfgaw2
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Route: <sip:ss3.b.example.com;lr>
   From: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   To: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F13 BYE Proxy 3 -> Alice

   BYE sip:+13145551111@client.a.example.com SIP/2.0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 37 
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss3.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e418c4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.100
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKfgaw2
   Max-Forwards: 69
   From: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   To: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F14 200 OK Alice -> Proxy 3

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss3.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK721e418c4.1
    ;received=192.0.2.233
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKfgaw2
    ;received=192.0.2.100
   From: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   To: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0


   F15 200 OK Proxy 3 -> Bob

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.b.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKfgaw2
    ;received=192.0.2.100
   From: <tel:+19725552222>;tag=314159
   To: <sip:+13145551111@a.example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 BYE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 38 
2.5.  Unsuccessful SIP to PSTN call: Treatment from PSTN


   Alice            Proxy 1           NGW 1            Bob
     |                |                |                |
     |   INVITE F1    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |     100  F2    |                |                |
     |<---------------|   INVITE F3    |                |
     |                |--------------->|                |
     |                |     100  F4    |                |
     |                |<---------------|     IAM F5     |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                |                |     ACM F6     |
     |                |     183 F7     |<---------------|
     |     183 F8     |<---------------|                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |         Two Way RTP Media       |  One Way Voice |
     |<===============================>|<===============|
     |                 Treatment Applied                |
     |<=================================================|
     |   CANCEL F9    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |     200 F10    |                |                |
     |<---------------|   CANCEL F11   |                |
     |                |--------------->|                |
     |                |     200 F12    |                |
     |                |<---------------|     REL F13    |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                |                |     RLC F14    |
     |                |     487 F15    |<---------------|
     |                |<---------------|                |
     |                |     ACK F16    |                |
     |     487 F17    |--------------->|                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |     ACK F18    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |                |                |                |

   Alice calls Bob in the PSTN through a proxy server Proxy 1 and a
   Network Gateway NGW 1.  The call is rejected by the PSTN with an
   in-band treatment (tone or recording) played.  Alice hears the
   treatment and then hangs up, which results in a CANCEL (F9) being
   sent to terminate the call.  (A BYE is not sent since no final
   response was ever received by Alice.)
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 39 
   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="a.example.com", nonce="01cf8311c3b0b2a2c5ac51bb59a05b40",
    opaque="", uri="sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone",
    response="e178fbe430e6680a1690261af8831f40"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F2 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> A

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Proxy 1 uses a Location Service function to determine where B is
   located.  Based upon location analysis the call is forwarded to NGW
   1.  Client for A prepares to receive data on port 49172 from the
   network. */
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 40 
   F3 INVITE Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ngw1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F4 100 Trying NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F5 IAM NGW 1 -> Bob

   IAM
   CdPN=972-555-2222,NPI=E.164,NOA=National
   CgPN=314-555-1111,NPI=E.164,NOA=National
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 41 
   F6 ACM Bob -> NGW 1

   ACM


   F7 183 Session Progress NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw1@a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146

   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F8 183 Session Progress Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw1@a.example.com>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 42 
   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Caller hears the recorded announcement, then hangs up */


   F9 CANCEL Alice -> Proxy 1

   CANCEL sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 CANCEL
   Content-Length: 0


   F10 200 OK Proxy 1 -> A

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 CANCEL
   Content-Length: 0


   F11 CANCEL Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   CANCEL sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 CANCEL
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 43 
   F12 200 OK NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 200 OK
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 CANCEL
   Content-Length: 0


   F13 REL NGW 1 -> B

   REL
   CauseCode=18 No user responding


   F14 RLC B -> NGW 1

   RLC


   F15 487 Request Terminated NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 487 Request Terminated
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F16 ACK Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   ACK sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 44 
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F17 487 Request Terminated Proxy 1 -> A

   SIP/2.0 487 Request Terminated
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F18 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/UDP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 45 
2.6.  Unsuccessful SIP to PSTN: REL w/Cause from PSTN


   Alice            Proxy 1           NGW 1           Switch B
     |                |                |                |
     |   INVITE F1    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |     100  F2    |                |                |
     |<---------------|   INVITE F3    |                |
     |                |--------------->|                |
     |                |     100  F4    |                |
     |                |<---------------|     IAM F5     |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                |                |    REL(1) F6   |
     |                |                |<---------------|
     |                |                |     RLC F7     |
     |                |     404 F8     |--------------->|
     |                |<---------------|                |
     |                |     ACK F9     |                |
     |                |--------------->|                |
     |     404 F10    |                |                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |     ACK F11    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |                |                |                |

   Alice calls PSTN Bob through a Proxy Server Proxy 1 and a Network
   Gateway NGW 1.  The call is rejected by the PSTN with a ANSI ISUP
   Release message REL containing a specific Cause code.  This cause
   value (1) is mapped by the Gateway to a SIP 404 Address Incomplete
   response which is proxied back to Alice.  For more details of ISUP
   cause value to SIP response mapping, refer to [4].

   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone  SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="a.example.com", nonce="j1c3b0b01cf832da2c5ac51bb59a05b40",
    opaque="", uri="sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone",
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 46 
    response="a451358d46b55512863efe1dccaa2f42"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F2 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> A

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0

   /* Proxy 1 uses a Location Service function to determine where B is
   located.  Based upon location analysis the call is forwarded to NGW1.
   Client for A prepares to receive data on port 49172 from the network.
   */


   F3 INVITE Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   INVITE sip:+44-1234@ngw1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 47 
   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F4 100 Trying NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F5 IAM NGW 1 -> Bob

   IAM
   CdPN=44-1234,NPI=E.164,NOA=International
   CgPN=314-555-1111,NPI=E.164,NOA=National


   F6 REL Bob -> NGW 1

   REL
   CauseValue=1 Unallocated number


   F7 RLC NGW 1 -> Bob

   RLC

   /* Network Gateway maps CauseValue=1 to the SIP message 404 Not
      Found */
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 48 
   F8 404 Not Found NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 404 Not Found
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Error-Info: <sip:not-found-ann@ann.a.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0


   F9 ACK Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   ACK sip:+44-1234@ngw1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F10 404 Not Found Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 404 Not Found
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Error-Info: <sip:not-found-ann@ann.a.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0


   F11 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 49 
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+44-1234@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


2.7.  Unsuccessful SIP to PSTN: ANM Timeout


   Alice           Proxy 1           NGW 1           Switch B
     |                |                |                |
     |   INVITE F1    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |
     |     100  F2    |                |                |
     |<---------------|   INVITE F3    |                |
     |                |--------------->|                |
     |                |     100  F4    |                |
     |                |<---------------|     IAM F5     |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                |                |     ACM F6     |
     |                |      183 F7    |<---------------|
     |     183 F8     |<---------------|                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |                |      Timer on NGW 1 Expires     |
     |                |                |                |
     |                |                |     REL F9     |
     |                |                |--------------->|
     |                |                |    RLC F10     |
     |                |     480 F11    |<---------------|
     |                |<---------------|                |
     |                |     ACK F12    |                |
     |                |--------------->|                |
     |     480 F13    |                |                |
     |<---------------|                |                |
     |     ACK F14    |                |                |
     |--------------->|                |                |

   Alice calls Bob in the PSTN through a proxy server Proxy 1 and
   Network Gateway NGW 1.  The call is released by the Gateway after a
   timer expires due to no ANswer Message (ANM) being received.  The
   Gateway sends an ISUP Release REL message to the PSTN and a 480
   Temporarily Unavailable response to Alice in the SIP network.
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 50 
   Message Details

   F1 INVITE Alice -> Proxy 1

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="alice",
    realm="a.example.com", nonce="da2c5ac51bb59a05j1c3b0b01cf832b40",
    opaque="", uri="sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone",
    response="579cb9db184cdc25bf816f37cbc03c7d"
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* Proxy 1 uses a Location Service function to determine where B is
   located.  Based upon location analysis the call is forwarded to NGW
   1.  Client for A prepares to receive data on port 49172 from the
   network.*/


   F2 100 Trying Proxy 1 -> A

   SIP/2.0  100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 51 
   F3 INVITE Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   INVITE sip:+19725552222@ngw1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Max-Forwards: 69
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:alice@client.a.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 154

   v=0
   o=alice 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 client.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F4 100 Trying NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0  100 Trying
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Content-Length: 0


   F5 IAM NGW 1 -> Bob

   IAM
   CdPN=972-555-2222,NPI=E.164,NOA=National
   CgPN=314-555-1111,NPI=E.164,NOA=National
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 52 
   F6 ACM Bob -> NGW 1

   ACM


   F7 183 Session Progress NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw1@a.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146

   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000


   F8 183 Session Progress Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   Record-Route: <sip:ss1.a.example.com;lr>
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Contact: <sip:ngw1@a.example.com;transport=tcp>
   Content-Type: application/sdp
   Content-Length: 146
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 53 
   v=0
   o=GW 2890844527 2890844527 IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   s=-
   c=IN IP4 ngw1.a.example.com
   t=0 0
   m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0
   a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

   /* After NGW 1's timer expires, Network Gateway sends REL to ISUP
   network and 480 to SIP network */


   F9 REL NGW 1 -> Bob

   REL

   CauseCode=18 No user responding


   F10 RLC Bob -> NGW 1

   RLC


   F11 480 Temporarily Unavailable NGW 1 -> Proxy 1

   SIP/2.0 480 Temporarily Unavailable
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
    ;received=192.0.2.111
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Error-Info: <sip:temp-unavail-ann@ann.a.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0


   F12 ACK Proxy 1 -> NGW 1

   ACK sip:ngw1@a.example.com SIP/2.0
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP ss1.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK2d4790.1
   Max-Forwards: 70
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
 Top   ToC   RFC3666 - Page 54 
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


   F13 480 Temporarily Unavailable F13 Proxy 1 -> Alice

   SIP/2.0 480 Temporarily Unavailable
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
    ;received=192.0.2.101
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 INVITE
   Error-Info: <sip:temp-unavail-ann@ann.a.example.com>
   Content-Length: 0


   F14 ACK Alice -> Proxy 1

   ACK sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone SIP/2.0
   Max-Forwards: 70
   Via: SIP/2.0/TCP client.a.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
   From: Alice <sip:+13145551111@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=9fxced76sl
   To: Bob <sip:+19725552222@ss1.a.example.com;user=phone>
    ;tag=314159
   Call-ID: 2xTb9vxSit55XU7p8@a.example.com
   CSeq: 1 ACK
   Content-Length: 0


(page 54 continued on part 3)

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