RFC 2566
Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and Semantics
4.2.2 job-hold-until (type3 keyword | name (MAX)) This attribute specifies the named time period during which the Job MUST become a candidate for printing. Standard keyword values for named time periods are: 'no-hold': immediately, if there are not other reasons to hold the job 'day-time': during the day 'evening': evening 'night': night 'weekend': weekend 'second-shift': second-shift (after close of business) 'third-shift': third-shift (after midnight) An administrator MUST associate allowable print times with a named time period (by means outside IPP/1.0). An administrator is encouraged to pick names that suggest the type of time period. An administrator MAY define additional values using the 'name' or ' keyword' attribute syntax, depending on implementation. If the value of this attribute specifies a time period that is in the future, the Printer MUST add the 'job-hold-until-specified' value to the job's "job-state-reasons" attribute, move the job to the ' pending-held' state, and MUST NOT schedule the job for printing until the specified time-period arrives. When the specified time period arrives, the Printer MUST remove the 'job-hold-until-specified' value from the job's "job-state-reason" attribute and, if there are no other job state reasons that keep the job in the 'pending-held' state, the Printer MUST consider the job as a candidate for processing by moving the job to the 'pending' state. If this job attribute value is the named value 'no-hold', or the specified time period has already started, the job MUST be a candidate for processing immediately. If the client does not supply this attribute and this attribute is supported by the Printer object, the Printer object MUST use the value of the Printer object's "job-hold-until-default" at job submission time (unlike most Job Template attributes that are used if necessary at job processing time). 4.2.3 job-sheets (type3 keyword | name(MAX)) This attribute determines which job start/end sheet(s), if any, MUST be printed with a job.
Standard keyword values are:
'none': no job sheet is printed
'standard': one or more site specific standard job sheets are
printed, e.g. a single start sheet or both start and end sheet
is printed
An administrator MAY define additional values using the 'name' or '
keyword' attribute syntax, depending on implementation.
Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents
MAY be affected by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute
(section 4.2.4), depending on the job sheet semantics.
4.2.4 multiple-document-handling (type2 keyword)
This attribute is relevant only if a job consists of two or more
documents. The attribute controls finishing operations and the
placement of one or more print-stream pages into impressions and onto
media sheets. When the value of the "copies" attribute exceeds 1, it
also controls the order in which the copies that result from
processing the documents are produced. For the purposes of this
explanations, if "a" represents an instance of document data, then
the result of processing the data in document "a" is a sequence of
media sheets represented by "a(*)".
Standard keyword values are:
'single-document': If a Job object has multiple documents, say, the
document data is called a and b, then the result of processing
all the document data (a and then b) MUST be treated as a single
sequence of media sheets for finishing operations; that is,
finishing would be performed on the concatenation of the
sequences a(*),b(*). The Printer object MUST NOT force the data
in each document instance to be formatted onto a new print-
stream page, nor to start a new impression on a new media sheet.
If more than one copy is made, the ordering of the sets of media
sheets resulting from processing the document data MUST be a(*),
b(*), a(*), b(*), ..., and the Printer object MUST force each
copy (a(*),b(*)) to start on a new media sheet.
'separate-documents-uncollated-copies': If a Job object has
multiple documents, say, the document data is called a and b,
then the result of processing the data in each document instance
MUST be treated as a single sequence of media sheets for
finishing operations; that is, the sets a(*) and b(*) would each
be finished separately. The Printer object MUST force each copy
of the result of processing the data in a single document to
start on a new media sheet. If more than one copy is made, the
ordering of the sets of media sheets resulting from processing
the document data MUST be a(*), a(*), ..., b(*), b(*) ... .
'separate-documents-collated-copies': If a Job object has multiple
documents, say, the document data is called a and b, then the
result of processing the data in each document instance MUST be
treated as a single sequence of media sheets for finishing
operations; that is, the sets a(*) and b(*) would each be
finished separately. The Printer object MUST force each copy of
the result of processing the data in a single document to start
on a new media sheet. If more than one copy is made, the
ordering of the sets of media sheets resulting from processing
the document data MUST be a(*), b(*), a(*), b(*), ... .
'single-document-new-sheet': Same as 'single-document', except
that the Printer object MUST ensure that the first impression of
each document instance in the job is placed on a new media
sheet. This value allows multiple documents to be stapled
together with a single staple where each document starts on a
new sheet.
The 'single-document' value is the same as 'separate-documents-
collated-copies' with respect to ordering of print-stream pages, but
not media sheet generation, since 'single-document' will put the
first page of the next document on the back side of a sheet if an odd
number of pages have been produced so far for the job, while '
separate-documents-collated-copies' always forces the next document
or document copy on to a new sheet. In addition, if the "finishings"
attribute specifies 'staple', then with 'single-document', documents
a and b are stapled together as a single document with no regard to
new sheets, with 'single-document-new-sheet', documents a and b are
stapled together as a single document, but document b starts on a new
sheet, but with 'separate-documents-uncollated-copies' and '
separate-documents-collated-copies', documents a and b are stapled
separately.
Note: None of these values provide means to produce uncollated sheets
within a document, i.e., where multiple copies of sheet n are
produced before sheet n+1 of the same document.
The relationship of this attribute and the other attributes that
control document processing is described in section 15.3.
4.2.5 copies (integer(1:MAX))
This attribute specifies the number of copies to be printed.
On many devices the supported number of collated copies will be
limited by the number of physical output bins on the device, and may
be different from the number of uncollated copies which can be
supported. Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents is controlled by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute (section 4.2.4) and the relationship of this attribute and the other attributes that control document processing is described in section 15.3. 4.2.6 finishings (1setOf type2 enum) This attribute identifies the finishing operations that the Printer uses for each copy of each printed document in the Job. For Jobs with multiple documents, the "multiple-document-handling" attribute determines what constitutes a "copy" for purposes of finishing. Standard enum values are: Value Symbolic Name and Description '3' 'none': Perform no finishing '4' 'staple': Bind the document(s) with one or more staples. The exact number and placement of the staples is site-defined. '5' 'punch': This value indicates that holes are required in the finished document. The exact number and placement of the holes is site-defined The punch specification MAY be satisfied (in a site- and implementation- specific manner) either by drilling/punching, or by substituting pre-drilled media. '6' 'cover': This value is specified when it is desired to select a non-printed (or pre-printed) cover for the document. This does not supplant the specification of a printed cover (on cover stock medium) by the document itself. '7' 'bind': This value indicates that a binding is to be applied to the document; the type and placement of the binding is site-defined." Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents is controlled by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute (section 4.2.4) and the relationship of this attribute and the other attributes that control document processing is described in section 15.3. If the client supplies a value of 'none' along with any other combination of values, it is the same as if only that other combination of values had been supplied (that is the 'none' value has no effect).
4.2.7 page-ranges (1setOf rangeOfInteger (1:MAX)) This attribute identifies the range(s) of print-stream pages that the Printer object uses for each copy of each document which are to be printed. Nothing is printed for any pages identified that do not exist in the document(s). Ranges MUST be in ascending order, for example: 1-3, 5-7, 15-19 and MUST NOT overlap, so that a non-spooling Printer object can process the job in a single pass. If the ranges are not ascending or are overlapping, the IPP object MUST reject the request and return the 'client-error-bad-request' status code. The attribute is associated with print-stream pages not application- numbered pages (for example, the page numbers found in the headers and or footers for certain word processing applications). For Jobs with multiple documents, the "multiple-document-handling" attribute determines what constitutes a "copy" for purposes of the specified page range(s). When "multiple-document-handling" is ' single-document', the Printer object MUST apply each supplied page range once to the concatenation of the print-stream pages. For example, if there are 8 documents of 10 pages each, the page-range ' 41:60' prints the pages in the 5th and 6th documents as a single document and none of the pages of the other documents are printed. When "multiple-document-handling" is 'separate-documents-uncollated- copies' or 'separate-documents-collated-copies', the Printer object MUST apply each supplied page range repeatedly to each document copy. For the same job, the page-range '1:3, 10:10' would print the first 3 pages and the 10th page of each of the 8 documents in the Job, as 8 separate documents. In most cases, the exact pages to be printed will be generated by a device driver and this attribute would not be required. However, when printing an archived document which has already been formatted, the end user may elect to print just a subset of the pages contained in the document. In this case, if page-range = n.m is specified, the first page to be printed will be page n. All subsequent pages of the document will be printed through and including page m. "page-ranges-supported" is a boolean value indicating whether or not the printer is capable of supporting the printing of page ranges. This capability may differ from one PDL to another. There is no "page-ranges-default" attribute. If the "page-ranges" attribute is not supplied by the client, all pages of the document will be printed.
Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents is controlled by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute (section 4.2.4) and the relationship of this attribute and the other attributes that control document processing is described in section 15.3. 4.2.8 sides (type2 keyword) This attribute specifies how print-stream pages are to be imposed upon the sides of an instance of a selected medium, i.e., an impression. The standard keyword values are: 'one-sided': imposes each consecutive print-stream page upon the same side of consecutive media sheets. 'two-sided-long-edge': imposes each consecutive pair of print- stream pages upon front and back sides of consecutive media sheets, such that the orientation of each pair of print-stream pages on the medium would be correct for the reader as if for binding on the long edge. This imposition is sometimes called ' duplex' or 'head-to-head'. 'two-sided-short-edge': imposes each consecutive pair of print- stream pages upon front and back sides of consecutive media sheets, such that the orientation of each pair of print-stream pages on the medium would be correct for the reader as if for binding on the short edge. This imposition is sometimes called 'tumble' or 'head-to-toe'. 'two-sided-long-edge', 'two-sided-short-edge', 'tumble', and 'duplex' all work the same for portrait or landscape. However 'head-to-toe' is 'tumble' in portrait but 'duplex' in landscape. 'head-to-head' also switches between 'duplex' and 'tumble' when using portrait and landscape modes. Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents is controlled by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute (section 4.2.4) and the relationship of this attribute and the other attributes that control document processing is described in section 15.3. 4.2.9 number-up (integer(1:MAX)) This attribute specifies the number of print-stream pages to impose upon a single side of an instance of a selected medium. For example, if the value is:
Value Description
'1' the Printer MUST place one print-stream page on a single
side of an instance of the selected medium (MAY add
some sort of translation, scaling, or rotation).
'2' the Printer MUST place two print-stream pages on a single
side of an instance of the selected medium (MAY add
some sort of translation, scaling, or rotation).
'4' the Printer MUST place four print-stream pages on a single
side of an instance of the selected medium (MAY add
some sort of translation, scaling, or rotation).
This attribute primarily controls the translation, scaling and
rotation of print-stream pages.
Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents is
controlled by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute (section
4.2.4) and the relationship of this attribute and the other
attributes that control document processing is described in section
15.3.
4.2.10 orientation-requested (type2 enum)
This attribute indicates the desired orientation for printed print-
stream pages; it does not describe the orientation of the client-
supplied print-stream pages.
For some document formats (such as 'application/postscript'), the
desired orientation of the print-stream pages is specified within the
document data. This information is generated by a device driver
prior to the submission of the print job. Other document formats
(such as 'text/plain') do not include the notion of desired
orientation within the document data. In the latter case it is
possible for the Printer object to bind the desired orientation to
the document data after it has been submitted. It is expected that a
Printer object would only support "orientations-requested" for some
document formats (e.g., 'text/plain' or 'text/html') but not others
(e.g., 'application/postscript'). This is no different than any
other Job Template attribute since section 4.2, item 1, points out
that a Printer object may support or not support any Job Template
attribute based on the document format supplied by the client.
However, a special mention is made here since it is very likely that
a Printer object will support "orientation-requested" for only a
subset of the supported document formats.
Standard enum values are:
Value Symbolic Name and Description
'3' 'portrait': The content will be imaged across the short
edge of the medium.
'4' 'landscape': The content will be imaged across the long
edge of the medium. Landscape is defined to be a
rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged by +90
degrees with respect to the medium (i.e. anti-
clockwise) from the portrait orientation. Note: The
+90 direction was chosen because simple finishing on
the long edge is the same edge whether portrait or
landscape
'5' 'reverse-landscape': The content will be imaged across the
long edge of the medium. Reverse-landscape is defined
to be a rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged
by - 90 degrees with respect to the medium (i.e.
clockwise) from the portrait orientation. Note: The '
reverse-landscape' value was added because some
applications rotate landscape -90 degrees from
portrait, rather than +90 degrees.
'6' 'reverse-portrait': The content will be imaged across the
short edge of the medium. Reverse-portrait is defined
to be a rotation of the print-stream page to be imaged
by 180 degrees with respect to the medium from the
portrait orientation. Note: The 'reverse-portrait'
value was added for use with the "finishings"
attribute in cases where the opposite edge is desired
for finishing a portrait document on simple finishing
devices that have only one finishing position. Thus a
'text'/plain' portrait document can be stapled "on the
right" by a simple finishing device as is common use
with some middle eastern languages such as Hebrew.
Note: The effect of this attribute on jobs with multiple documents is
controlled by the "multiple-document-handling" job attribute (section
4.2.4) and the relationship of this attribute and the other
attributes that control document processing is described in section
15.3.
4.2.11 media (type3 keyword | name(MAX))
This attribute identifies the medium that the Printer uses for all
impressions of the Job.
The values for "media" include medium-names, medium-sizes, input-
trays and electronic forms so that one attribute specifies the media.
If a Printer object supports a medium name as a value of this attribute, such a medium name implicitly selects an input-tray that contains the specified medium. If a Printer object supports a medium size as a value of this attribute, such a medium size implicitly selects a medium name that in turn implicitly selects an input-tray that contains the medium with the specified size. If a Printer object supports an input-tray as the value of this attribute, such an input-tray implicitly selects the medium that is in that input-tray at the time the job prints. This case includes manual-feed input- trays. If a Printer object supports an electronic form as the value of this attribute, such an electronic form implicitly selects a medium-name that in turn implicitly selects an input-tray that contains the medium specified by the electronic form. The electronic form also implicitly selects an image that the Printer MUST merge with the document data as its prints each page. Standard keyword values are (taken from ISO DPA and the Printer MIB) and are listed in section 14. An administrator MAY define additional values using the 'name' or 'keyword' attribute syntax, depending on implementation. There is also an additional Printer attribute named "media-ready" which differs from "media-supported" in that legal values only include the subset of "media-supported" values that are physically loaded and ready for printing with no operator intervention required. If an IPP object supports "media-supported", it NEED NOT support "media-ready". The relationship of this attribute and the other attributes that control document processing is described in section 15.3. 4.2.12 printer-resolution (resolution) This attribute identifies the resolution that Printer uses for the Job. 4.2.13 print-quality (type2 enum) This attribute specifies the print quality that the Printer uses for the Job. The standard enum values are: Value Symbolic Name and Description '3' 'draft': lowest quality available on the printer '4' 'normal': normal or intermediate quality on the printer '5' 'high': highest quality available on the printer
4.3 Job Description Attributes The attributes in this section form the attribute group called "job- description". The following table summarizes these attributes. The third column indicates whether the attribute is a REQUIRED attribute that MUST be supported by Printer objects. If it is not indicated as REQUIRED, then it is OPTIONAL. The maximum size in octets for 'text' and 'name' attributes is indicated in parenthesizes. +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | Attribute | Syntax | REQUIRED? | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-uri | uri | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-id | integer(1:MAX) | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-printer-uri | uri | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-more-info | uri | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-name | name (MAX) | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-originating-user-name | name (MAX) | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-state | type1 enum | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-state-reasons | 1setOf type2 keyword | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-state-message | text (MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | number-of-documents | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | output-device-assigned | name (127) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | time-at-creation | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | time-at-processing | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | time-at-completed | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | number-of-intervening-jobs | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-message-from-operator | text (127) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-k-octets | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-impressions | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+
+----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | Attribute | Syntax | REQUIRED? | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-media-sheets | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-k-octets-processed | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-impressions-completed | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-media-sheets-completed | integer (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | attributes-charset | charset | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | attributes-natural-language| naturalLanguage | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ 4.3.1 job-uri (uri) This REQUIRED attribute contains the URI for the job. The Printer object, on receipt of a new job, generates a URI which identifies the new Job. The Printer object returns the value of the "job-uri" attribute as part of the response to a create request. The precise format of a Job URI is implementation dependent. If the Printer object supports more than one URI and there is some relationship between the newly formed Job URI and the Printer object's URI, the Printer object uses the Printer URI supplied by the client in the create request. For example, if the create request comes in over a secure channel, the new Job URI MUST use the same secure channel. This can be guaranteed because the Printer object is responsible for generating the Job URI and the Printer object is aware of its security configuration and policy as well as the Printer URI used in the create request. For a description of this attribute and its relationship to "job-id" and "job-printer-uri" attribute, see the discussion in section 2.4 on "Object Identity". 4.3.2 job-id (integer(1:MAX)) This REQUIRED attribute contains the ID of the job. The Printer, on receipt of a new job, generates an ID which identifies the new Job on that Printer. The Printer returns the value of the "job-id" attribute as part of the response to a create request. The 0 value is not included to allow for compatibility with SNMP index values which also cannot be 0.
For a description of this attribute and its relationship to "job-uri" and "job-printer-uri" attribute, see the discussion in section 2.4 on "Object Identity". 4.3.3 job-printer-uri (uri) This REQUIRED attribute identifies the Printer object that created this Job object. When a Printer object creates a Job object, it populates this attribute with the Printer object URI that was used in the create request. This attribute permits a client to identify the Printer object that created this Job object when only the Job object's URI is available to the client. The client queries the creating Printer object to determine which languages, charsets, operations, are supported for this Job. For a description of this attribute and its relationship to "job-uri" and "job-id" attribute, see the discussion in section 2.4 on "Object Identity". 4.3.4 job-more-info (uri) Similar to "printer-more-info", this attribute contains the URI referencing some resource with more information about this Job object, perhaps an HTML page containing information about the Job. 4.3.5 job-name (name(MAX)) This REQUIRED attribute is the name of the job. It is a name that is more user friendly than the "job-uri" attribute value. It does not need to be unique between Jobs. The Job's "job-name" attribute is set to the value supplied by the client in the "job-name" operation attribute in the create request (see Section 3.2.1.1). If, however, the "job-name" operation attribute is not supplied by the client in the create request, the Printer object, on creation of the Job, MUST generate a name. The printer SHOULD generate the value of the Job's "job-name" attribute from the first of the following sources that produces a value: 1) the "document-name" operation attribute of the first (or only) document, 2) the "document-URI" attribute of the first (or only) document, or 3) any other piece of Job specific and/or Document Content information. 4.3.6 job-originating-user-name (name(MAX)) This REQUIRED attribute contains the name of the end user that submitted the print job. The Printer object sets this attribute to the most authenticated printable name that it can obtain from the authentication service over which the IPP operation was received.
Only if such is not available, does the Printer object use the value supplied by the client in the "requesting-user-name" operation attribute of the create operation (see Section 8). Note: The Printer object needs to keep an internal originating user id of some form, typically as a credential of a principal, with the Job object. Since such an internal attribute is implementation- dependent and not of interest to clients, it is not specified as a Job Description attribute. This originating user id is used for authorization checks (if any) on all subsequent operation. 4.3.7 job-state (type1 enum) This REQUIRED attribute identifies the current state of the job. Even though the IPP protocol defines eight values for job states, implementations only need to support those states which are appropriate for the particular implementation. In other words, a Printer supports only those job states implemented by the output device and available to the Printer object implementation. Standard enum values are: Values Symbolic Name and Description '3' 'pending': The job is a candidate to start processing, but is not yet processing. '4' 'pending-held': The job is not a candidate for processing for any number of reasons but will return to the ' pending' state as soon as the reasons are no longer present. The job's "job-state-reason" attribute MUST indicate why the job is no longer a candidate for processing. '5' 'processing': One or more of: 1. the job is using, or is attempting to use, one or more purely software processes that are analyzing, creating, or interpreting a PDL, etc., 2. the job is using, or is attempting to use, one or more hardware devices that are interpreting a PDL, making marks on a medium, and/or performing finishing, such as stapling, etc., 3. the Printer object has made the job ready for printing, but the output device is not yet printing it, either because the job hasn't reached the output
device or because the job is queued in the output
device or some other spooler, awaiting the output
device to print it.
When the job is in the 'processing' state, the entire
job state includes the detailed status represented in
the printer's "printer-state", "printer-state-
reasons", and "printer-state-message" attributes.
Implementations MAY, though they NEED NOT, include
additional values in the job's "job-state-reasons"
attribute to indicate the progress of the job, such as
adding the 'job-printing' value to indicate when the
output device is actually making marks on paper and/or
the 'processing-to-stop-point' value to indicate that
the IPP object is in the process of canceling or
aborting the job. Most implementations won't bother
with this nuance.
'6' 'processing-stopped': The job has stopped while processing
for any number of reasons and will return to the '
processing' state as soon as the reasons are no longer
present.
The job's "job-state-reason" attribute MAY indicate
why the job has stopped processing. For example, if
the output device is stopped, the 'printer-stopped'
value MAY be included in the job's "job-state-reasons"
attribute.
Note: When an output device is stopped, the device
usually indicates its condition in human readable form
locally at the device. A client can obtain more
complete device status remotely by querying the
Printer object's "printer-state", "printer-state-
reasons" and "printer-state-message" attributes.
'7' 'canceled': The job has been canceled by a Cancel-Job
operation and the Printer object has completed
canceling the job and all job status attributes have
reached their final values for the job. While the
Printer object is canceling the job, the job remains
in its current state, but the job's "job-state-
reasons" attribute SHOULD contain the 'processing-to-
stop-point' value and one of the 'canceled-by-user', '
canceled-by-operator', or 'canceled-at-device' value.
When the job moves to the 'canceled' state, the '
processing-to-stop-point' value, if present, MUST be
removed, but the 'canceled-by-xxx', if present, MUST
remain.
'8' 'aborted': The job has been aborted by the system, usually
while the job was in the 'processing' or 'processing-
stopped' state and the Printer has completed aborting
the job and all job status attributes have reached
their final values for the job. While the Printer
object is aborting the job, the job remains in its
current state, but the job's "job-state-reasons"
attribute SHOULD contain the 'processing-to-stop-
point' and 'aborted-by-system' values. When the job
moves to the 'aborted' state, the 'processing-to-
stop-point' value, if present, MUST be removed, but
the 'aborted-by-system' value, if present, MUST
remain.
'9' 'completed': The job has completed successfully or with
warnings or errors after processing and all of the job
media sheets have been successfully stacked in the
appropriate output bin(s) and all job status
attributes have reached their final values for the
job. The job's "job-state-reasons" attribute SHOULD
contain one of: 'completed-successfully', '
completed-with-warnings', or 'completed-with-errors'
values.
The final value for this attribute MUST be one of: 'completed', '
canceled', or 'aborted' before the Printer removes the job
altogether. The length of time that jobs remain in the 'canceled', '
aborted', and 'completed' states depends on implementation.
The following figure shows the normal job state transitions.
+----> canceled
/
+----> pending --------> processing ---------+------> completed
| ^ ^ \
--->+ | | +----> aborted
| v v /
+----> pending-held processing-stopped ---+
Normally a job progresses from left to right. Other state
transitions are unlikely, but are not forbidden. Not shown are the
transitions to the 'canceled' state from the 'pending', 'pending-
held', and 'processing-stopped' states.
Jobs reach one of the three terminal states: 'completed', 'canceled', or 'aborted', after the jobs have completed all activity, including stacking output media, after the jobs have completed all activity, and all job status attributes have reached their final values for the job. Note: As with all other IPP attributes, if the implementation can not determine the correct value for this attribute, it SHOULD respond with the out-of-band value 'unknown' (see section 4.1) rather than try to guess at some possibly incorrect value and give the end user the wrong impression about the state of the Job object. For example, if the implementation is just a gateway into some printing system that does not provide detailed status about the print job, the IPP Job object's state might literally be 'unknown'. 4.3.8 job-state-reasons (1setOf type2 keyword) This attribute provides additional information about the job's current state, i.e., information that augments the value of the job's "job-state" attribute. Implementation of these values is OPTIONAL, i.e., a Printer NEED NOT implement them, even if (1) the output device supports the functionality represented by the reason and (2) is available to the Printer object implementation. These values MAY be used with any job state or states for which the reason makes sense. Furthermore, when implemented, the Printer MUST return these values when the reason applies and MUST NOT return them when the reason no longer applies whether the value of the Job's "job-state" attribute changed or not. When the Job does not have any reasons for being in its current state, the value of the Job's "job-state-reasons" attribute MUST be ' none'. Note: While values cannot be added to the 'job-state' attribute without impacting deployed clients that take actions upon receiving "job-state" values, it is the intent that additional "job-state- reasons" values can be defined and registered without impacting such deployed clients. In other words, the "job-state-reasons" attribute is intended to be extensible. The following standard keyword values are defined. For ease of understanding, the values are presented in the order in which the reasons are likely to occur (if implemented), starting with the ' job-incoming' value: 'none': There are no reasons for the job's current state. 'job-incoming': The Create-Job operation has been accepted by the Printer, but the Printer is expecting additional Send-Document
and/or Send-URI operations and/or is accessing/accepting
document data.
'submission-interrupted': The job was not completely submitted for
some unforeseen reason, such as: (1) the Printer has crashed
before the job was closed by the client, (2) the Printer or the
document transfer method has crashed in some non-recoverable way
before the document data was entirely transferred to the
Printer, (3) the client crashed or failed to close the job
before the time-out period. See section 4.4.28.
'job-outgoing': The Printer is transmitting the job to the output
device.
'job-hold-until-specified': The value of the job's "job-hold-
until" attribute was specified with a time period that is still
in the future. The job MUST NOT be a candidate for processing
until this reason is removed and there are no other reasons to
hold the job.
'resources-are-not-ready': At least one of the resources needed by
the job, such as media, fonts, resource objects, etc., is not
ready on any of the physical printer's for which the job is a
candidate. This condition MAY be detected when the job is
accepted, or subsequently while the job is pending or
processing, depending on implementation. The job may remain in
its current state or be moved to the 'pending-held' state,
depending on implementation and/or job scheduling policy.
'printer-stopped-partly': The value of the Printer's "printer-
state-reasons" attribute contains the value 'stopped-partly'.
'printer-stopped': The value of the Printer's "printer-state"
attribute is 'stopped'.
'job-interpreting': Job is in the 'processing' state, but more
specifically, the Printer is interpreting the document data.
'job-queued': Job is in the 'processing' state, but more
specifically, the Printer has queued the document data.
'job-transforming': Job is in the 'processing' state, but more
specifically, the Printer is interpreting document data and
producing another electronic representation.
'job-printing': The output device is marking media. This value is
useful for Printers which spend a great deal of time processing
(1) when no marking is happening and then want to show that
marking is now happening or (2) when the job is in the process
of being canceled or aborted while the job remains in the '
processing' state, but the marking has not yet stopped so that
impression or sheet counts are still increasing for the job.
'job-canceled-by-user': The job was canceled by the owner of the
job using the Cancel-Job request, i.e., by a user whose
authenticated identity is the same as the value of the
originating user that created the Job object, or by some other
authorized end-user, such as a member of the job owner's
security group.
'job-canceled-by-operator': The job was canceled by the operator
using the Cancel-Job request, i.e., by a user who has been
authenticated as having operator privileges (whether local or
remote). If the security policy is to allow anyone to cancel
anyone's job, then this value may be used when the job is
canceled by other than the owner of the job. For such a
security policy, in effect, everyone is an operator as far as
canceling jobs with IPP is concerned.
'job-canceled-at-device': The job was canceled by an unidentified
local user, i.e., a user at a console at the device.
'aborted-by-system': The job (1) is in the process of being
aborted, (2) has been aborted by the system and placed in the '
aborted' state, or (3) has been aborted by the system and placed
in the 'pending-held' state, so that a user or operator can
manually try the job again.
'processing-to-stop-point': The requester has issued a Cancel-Job
operation or the Printer object has aborted the job, but is
still performing some actions on the job until a specified stop
point occurs or job termination/cleanup is completed.
This reason is recommended to be used in conjunction with the '
processing' job state to indicate that the Printer object is
still performing some actions on the job while the job remains
in the 'processing' state. After all the job's job description
attributes have stopped incrementing, the Printer object moves
the job from the 'processing' state to the 'canceled' or '
aborted' job states.
'service-off-line': The Printer is off-line and accepting no jobs.
All 'pending' jobs are put into the 'pending-held' state. This
situation could be true if the service's or document transform's
input is impaired or broken.
'job-completed-successfully': The job completed successfully.
'job-completed-with-warnings': The job completed with warnings.
'job-completed-with-errors': The job completed with errors (and
possibly warnings too).
4.3.9 job-state-message (text(MAX))
This attribute specifies information about the "job-state" and "job-
state-reasons" attributes in human readable text. If the Printer
object supports this attribute, the Printer object MUST be able to
generate this message in any of the natural languages identified by
the Printer's "generated-natural-language-supported" attribute (see
the "attributes-natural-language" operation attribute specified in
Section 3.1.4.1).
Note: the value SHOULD NOT contain additional information not contained in the values of the "job-state" and "job-states-reasons" attributes, such as interpreter error information. Otherwise, application programs might attempt to parse the (localized text). For such additional information such as interpreter errors for application program consumption, a new attribute with keyword values, needs to be developed and registered. 4.3.10 number-of-documents (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute indicates the number of documents in the job, i.e., the number of Send-Document, Send-URI, Print-Job, or Print-URI operations that the Printer has accepted for this job, regardless of whether the document data has reached the Printer object or not. Implementations supporting the OPTIONAL Create-Job/Send- Document/Send-URI operations SHOULD support this attribute so that clients can query the number of documents in each job. 4.3.11 output-device-assigned (name(127)) This attribute identifies the output device to which the Printer object has assigned this job. If an output device implements an embedded Printer object, the Printer object NEED NOT set this attribute. If a print server implements a Printer object, the value MAY be empty (zero-length string) or not returned until the Printer object assigns an output device to the job. This attribute is particularly useful when a single Printer object support multiple devices (so called "fan-out"). 4.3.12 time-at-creation (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute indicates the point in time at which the Job object was created. In order to populate this attribute, the Printer object uses the value in its "printer-up-time" attribute at the time the Job object is created. 4.3.13 time-at-processing (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute indicates the point in time at which the Job object began processing. In order to populate this attribute, the Printer object uses the value in its "printer-up-time" attribute at the time the Job object is moved into the 'processing' state for the first time.
4.3.14 time-at-completed (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute indicates the point in time at which the Job object completed (or was cancelled or aborted). In order to populate this attribute, the Printer object uses the value in its "printer-up-time" attribute at the time the Job object is moved into the 'completed' or 'canceled' or 'aborted' state. 4.3.15 number-of-intervening-jobs (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute indicates the number of jobs that are "ahead" of this job in the relative chronological order of expected time to complete (i.e., the current scheduled order). For efficiency, it is only necessary to calculate this value when an operation is performed that requests this attribute. 4.3.16 job-message-from-operator (text(127)) This attribute provides a message from an operator, system administrator or "intelligent" process to indicate to the end user the reasons for modification or other management action taken on a job. 4.3.17 job-k-octets (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute specifies the total size of the document(s) in K octets, i.e., in units of 1024 octets requested to be processed in the job. The value MUST be rounded up, so that a job between 1 and 1024 octets MUST be indicated as being 1, 1025 to 2048 MUST be 2, etc. This value MUST NOT include the multiplicative factors contributed by the number of copies specified by the "copies" attribute, independent of whether the device can process multiple copies without making multiple passes over the job or document data and independent of whether the output is collated or not. Thus the value is independent of the implementation and indicates the size of the document(s) measured in K octets independent of the number of copies. This value MUST also not include the multiplicative factor due to a copies instruction embedded in the document data. If the document data actually includes replications of the document data, this value will include such replication. In other words, this value is always the size of the source document data, rather than a measure of the hardcopy output to be produced.
Note: This attribute and the following two attributes ("job-
impressions" and "job-media-sheets") are not intended to be counters;
they are intended to be useful routing and scheduling information if
known. For these three attributes, the Printer object may try to
compute the value if it is not supplied in the create request. Even
if the client does supply a value for these three attributes in the
create request, the Printer object MAY choose to change the value if
the Printer object is able to compute a value which is more accurate
than the client supplied value. The Printer object may be able to
determine the correct value for these three attributes either right
at job submission time or at any later point in time.
4.3.18 job-impressions (integer(0:MAX))
This attribute specifies the total size in number of impressions of
the document(s) being submitted (see the definition of impression in
section 13.2.5).
As with "job-k-octets", this value MUST NOT include the
multiplicative factors contributed by the number of copies specified
by the "copies" attribute, independent of whether the device can
process multiple copies without making multiple passes over the job
or document data and independent of whether the output is collated or
not. Thus the value is independent of the implementation and
reflects the size of the document(s) measured in impressions
independent of the number of copies.
As with "job-k-octets", this value MUST also not include the
multiplicative factor due to a copies instruction embedded in the
document data. If the document data actually includes replications
of the document data, this value will include such replication. In
other words, this value is always the number of impressions in the
source document data, rather than a measure of the number of
impressions to be produced by the job.
See the Note in the "job-k-octets" attribute that also applies to
this attribute.
4.3.19 job-media-sheets (integer(0:MAX))
This attribute specifies the total number of media sheets to be
produced for this job.
Unlike the "job-k-octets" and the "job-impressions" attributes, this
value MUST include the multiplicative factors contributed by the
number of copies specified by the "copies" attribute and a 'number of
copies' instruction embedded in the document data, if any. This
difference allows the system administrator to control the lower and
upper bounds of both (1) the size of the document(s) with "job-k- octets-supported" and "job-impressions-supported" and (2) the size of the job with "job-media-sheets-supported". See the Note in the "job-k-octets" attribute that also applies to this attribute. 4.3.20 job-k-octets-processed (integer(0:MAX)) This attribute specifies the total number of octets processed in K octets, i.e., in units of 1024 octets so far. The value MUST be rounded up, so that a job between 1 and 1024 octets inclusive MUST be indicated as being 1, 1025 to 2048 inclusive MUST be 2, etc. For implementations where multiple copies are produced by the interpreter with only a single pass over the data, the final value MUST be equal to the value of the "job-k-octets" attribute. For implementations where multiple copies are produced by the interpreter by processing the data for each copy, the final value MUST be a multiple of the value of the "job-k-octets" attribute. Note: This attribute and the following two attributes ("job- impressions-completed" and "job-sheets-completed") are intended to be counters. That is, the value for a job that has not started processing MUST be 0. When the job's "job-state" is 'processing' or 'processing-stopped', this value is intended to contain the amount of the job that has been processed to the time at which the attributes are requested. 4.3.21 job-impressions-completed (integer(0:MAX)) This job attribute specifies the number of impressions completed for the job so far. For printing devices, the impressions completed includes interpreting, marking, and stacking the output. See the note in "job-k-octets-processed" which also applies to this attribute. 4.3.22 job-media-sheets-completed (integer(0:MAX)) This job attribute specifies the media-sheets completed marking and stacking for the entire job so far whether those sheets have been processed on one side or on both. See the note in "job-k-octets-processed" which also applies to this attribute.
4.3.23 attributes-charset (charset) This REQUIRED attribute is populated using the value in the client supplied "attributes-charset" attribute in the create request. It identifies the charset (coded character set and encoding method) used by any Job attributes with attribute syntax 'text' and 'name' that were supplied by the client in the create request. See Section 3.1.4 for a complete description of the "attributes-charset" operation attribute. This attribute does not indicate the charset in which the 'text' and 'name' values are stored internally in the Job object. The internal charset is implementation-defined. The IPP object MUST convert from whatever the internal charset is to that being requested in an operation as specified in Section 3.1.4. 4.3.24 attributes-natural-language (naturalLanguage) This REQUIRED attribute is populated using the value in the client supplied "attributes-natural-language" attribute in the create request. It identifies the natural language used for any Job attributes with attribute syntax 'text' and 'name' that were supplied by the client in the create request. See Section 3.1.4 for a complete description of the "attributes-natural-language" operation attribute. See Sections 4.1.1.2 and 4.1.2.2 for how a Natural Language Override may be supplied explicitly for each 'text' and ' name' attribute value that differs from the value identified by the "attributes-natural-language" attribute. 4.4 Printer Description Attributes These attributes form the attribute group called "printer- description". The following table summarizes these attributes, their syntax, and whether or not they are REQUIRED for a Printer object to support. If they are not indicated as REQUIRED, they are OPTIONAL. The maximum size in octets for 'text' and 'name' attributes is indicated in parenthesizes. Note: How these attributes are set by an Administrator is outside the scope of this specification.
+----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | Attribute | Syntax | REQUIRED? | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-uri-supported | 1setOf uri | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | uri-security-supported | 1setOf type2 keyword | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-name | name (127) | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-location | text (127) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-info | text (127) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-more-info | uri | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-driver-installer | uri | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-make-and-model | text (127) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-more-info- | uri | | | manufacturer | | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-state | type1 enum | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-state-reasons | 1setOf type2 keyword | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-state-message | text (MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | operations-supported | 1setOf type2 enum | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | charset-configured | charset | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | charset-supported | 1setOf charset | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | natural-language-configured| naturalLanguage | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | generated-natural-language-| 1setOf | REQUIRED | | supported | naturalLanguage | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | document-format-default | mimeMediaType | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | document-format- | 1setOf | REQUIRED | | supported | mimeMediaType | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-is-accepting-jobs | boolean | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | queued-job-count | integer (0:MAX) | RECOMMENDED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+
+----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | Attribute | Syntax | REQUIRED? | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-message-from- | text (127) | | | operator | | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | color-supported | boolean | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | reference-uri-schemes- | 1setOf uriScheme | | | supported | | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | pdl-override-supported | type2 keyword | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-up-time | integer (1:MAX) | REQUIRED | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | printer-current-time | dateTime | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | multiple-operation-time-out| integer (1:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | compression-supported | 1setOf type3 keyword | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-k-octets-supported | rangeOfInteger | | | | (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-impressions-supported | rangeOfInteger | | | | (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ | job-media-sheets-supported | rangeOfInteger | | | | (0:MAX) | | +----------------------------+----------------------+----------------+ 4.4.1 printer-uri-supported (1setOf uri) This REQUIRED Printer attribute contains at least one URI for the Printer object. It OPTIONALLY contains more than one URI for the Printer object. An administrator determines a Printer object's URI(s) and configures this attribute to contain those URIs by some means outside the scope of IPP/1.0. The precise format of this URI is implementation dependent and depends on the protocol. See the next section for a description "uri-security-supported" which is the REQUIRED companion attribute to this "printer-uri-supported" attribute. See section 2.4 on Printer object identity and section 8.2 on security and URIs for more information.
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