Three restoration indicators are provided in the VLR for each IMSI record: "Confirmed by Radio Contact", "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" and "Location Information Confirmed in HLR". The indicator "Confirmed by Radio Contact" indicates whether the VLR's record of location area identity and MSC number for the mobile station is confirmed by radio contact. The indicator "Confirmed by Radio Contact" in an IMSI record is set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" when the VLR receives a "Provide Roaming Number" request, an "Update Location Area" request or an "IMSI Attach" request for an MS for which the VLR does not have an IMSI record. The indicator "Confirmed by Radio Contact" in an IMSI record may also be set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" when the VLR receives a Reset indication message from the SGSN serving the MS if the MS is attached to both GPRS and non-GPRS services (see TS 29.018) , or a Reset indication message from the MME serving the UE if the UE is attached to both EPS and non-EPS services or for SMS only (see TS 29.118). The indicator "Confirmed by Radio Contact" is set to "Confirmed" when the radio contact that has been established with the MS is authenticated. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" indicates whether the subscriber data set for the mobile station held by the VLR is consistent with that held by the HLR. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" is set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" when the VLR receives a "Provide Roaming Number" request, an "Update Location Area" request or an "IMSI Attach" request for an MS for which the VLR does not have an IMSI record. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" is set to "Confirmed" at either of the following events:

• The VLR successfully performs an "Update Location" to the HLR;
• The VLR successfully performs a "Restore Data" operation to the HLR.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HLR" indicates whether the HLR's record of VLR number and MSC number for the mobile station is confirmed by radio contact. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HLR" is set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The VLR receives an "Update Location Area" request or an "IMSI Attach" request for an MS for which the VLR has no IMSI record;
• A VLR which serves two or more MSCs receives a "Provide Roaming Number" request for an MS for which the VLR has no IMSI record;
• The VLR receives a "Reset" message from the HLR with which the MS is registered;
• The VLR in a Super-Charged network receives a Send Identification message from the serving VLR;
• The VLR in a Super-Charged network receives a Cancel Location message that indicates an "updateProcedure".

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HLR" is set to "Confirmed" at either of the following events:

• A VLR which serves only one MSC receives a "Provide Roaming Number" request for an MS for which the VLR has no IMSI record;
• Successful completion of the "Update Location" procedure triggered by authenticated radio contact.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in SMLC" indicates whether an SMLC's record of MSC number for a particular LMU is confirmed by radio contact. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in SMLC" is set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The VLR receives an "Update Location Area" request or an "IMSI Attach" request for an MS for which the VLR has no IMSI record. The indicator, in this case, becomes valid only if HLR subscriber data later indicates an LMU;
• The VLR receives an "LCS Reset" message from an SMLC where the message is targetted to either a specific LMU or all LMUs registered with the SMLC;
• The VLR receives an "IMSI Detach" from an LMU that is registered with an SMLC.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in SMLC" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful completion of the "LCS Registration" procedure triggered by a successful location update;
• Successful transfer of an LCS Information message from an SMLC to the LMU.

Also the following two restoration indicators may be provided in the VLR for each IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" and "Location Information Confirmed by CSS". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" indicates whether the CSG subscriber data set for the roaming mobile station held by the VLR is consistent with that held by the CSS. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" is set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" at the following event:

• The VLR receives a "Provide Roaming Number" request, an "Update Location Area" request or an "IMSI Attach" request for a roaming MS for which the VLR does not have an IMSI record.
• The VLR receives a "Cancel VCSG Location Request" message from the CSS after the VLR restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the VLR restart.The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:
  • The VLR successfully performs an "Update VCSG Location" to the CSS.
  • The VLR receives an "Insert/Delete VCSG Subscription Data Request" message from the CSS after the VLR restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the VLR restart.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" indicates whether the VLR number for the roaming mobile station registered is confirmed by the CSS. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The VLR receives an "Update Location Area" request or an "IMSI Attach" request for a roaming MS for which the VLR has no IMSI record;
• The VLR receives a "Reset" message from the CSS with which the roaming MS is registered.
• The VLR receives a "Cancel VCSG Location Request" message from the CSS after the VLR restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the VLR restart.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful completion of the "Update VCSG Location" procedure to the CSS.
• The VLR receives an "Insert/Delete VCSG Subscription Data Request" message from the CSS after the VLR restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the VLR restart.

As an implementation option, one restoration indicator may be provided in the HLR for each IMSI record: "Check SS". The "Check SS" indicator is set to "Check Required" when the HLR restarts after a failure. The "Check SS" indicator is checked whenever the HLR receives an "Update Location" request from a VLR. If it is set to "Check Required", after successful completion of subscriber data retrieval that ran embedded in the "Update Location" procedure the HLR sends a "Forward Check SS Indication" request message to the VLR and sets the "Check SS" indicator to "Check Not Required".

Two restoration indicators are provided in the SGSN for reach IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" and "Location Information Confirmed in HLR". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" indicates whether the subscriber data set for the mobile station held by the SGSN is consistent with that held by the HLR. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" is set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" when the SGSN receives a Routing Area Update request or an IMSI- and/or GPRS Attach request for an MS for which the SGSN does not have an IMSI record. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HLR" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• The SGSN successfully performs an Update GPRS Location to the HLR;

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HLR" indicates whether the HLRs record of the SGSN address for the mobile station is confirmed by radio contact. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HLR" is set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The SGSN receives a Routing Area Update request or an IMSI- and/or GPRS Attach request for an MS for which the SGSN has no IMSI record;
• The SGSN receives a "Reset" message from the HLR with which the MS is registered;
• The SGSN in a Super-Charged network receives a Send Identification message from the serving SGSN;
• The SGSN in a Super-Charged network receives a Cancel Location message that indicates an "updateProcedure".

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HLR" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful completion of the Update GPRS Location procedure to the HLR.

The indicator "VLR-Reliable" indicates whether the VLR serving the MS has performed a restart. The indicator "VLR-Reliable" is set to the value "false" when the SGSN receives a Reset indication message from the VLR serving the MS if the MS is attached to both GPRS and non-GPRS services. The indicator "VLR-Reliable" is set to the value "true" when the SGSN receives a confirmation from a VLR that a location update procedure to the affected VLR has been successfully performed. The indicator "SGSN-Reset" indicates whether the SGSN has recently experienced a restart. The indicator "SGSN-Reset" is set to the value "true" when the SGSN suffers a restart. This indicator is unique per SGSN. The indicator "SGSN-Reset" is set to the value "false" after a certain time specified by the operator. The value of the timer controlling the reset of the "SGSN-Reset" indicator shall be longer than the periodic routeing area update timer value used by the MSs. Also the following two restoration indicators may be provided in the SGSN for each IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" and "Location Information Confirmed by CSS". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" indicates whether the CSG subscriber data set for the roaming mobile station held by the SGSN is consistent with that held by the CSS. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" is set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The SGSN receives a Routing Area Update request or an IMSI- and/or GPRS Attach request for a roaming MS for which the SGSN does not have an IMSI record.
• The SGSN receives a "Cancel VCSG Location Request" message from the CSS after the SGSN restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the SGSN restart.

The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• The SGSN successfully performs an "Update VCSG Location" to the CSS.
• The SGSN receives an "Insert/Delete VCSG Subscription Data Request" message from the CSS after the SGSN restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the SGSN restart.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" indicates whether the SGSN address for the roaming mobile station registered is confirmed by the CSS. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The SGSN receives a Routing Area Update request or an IMSI- and/or GPRS Attach request for a roaming MS for which the SGSN has no IMSI record;
• The SGSN receives a "Reset" message from the CSS with which the roaming MS is registered.
• The SGSN receives a "Cancel VCSG Location Request" message from the CSS after the SGSN restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the SGSN restart.The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:
  • Successful completion of the "Update VCSG Location" procedure to the CSS.
  • The SGSN receives an "Insert/Delete VCSG Subscription Data Request" message from the CSS after the SGSN restart if the roaming MS attached to the macro cell after the SGSN restart.

Two restoration indicators are provided in the MME for each IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" and "Location Information Confirmed in HSS". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" indicates whether the subscriber data set for the mobile station held by the MME is consistent with that held by the HSS. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" shall be set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" when the MME receives a Tracking Area Update request or an Attach request for an UE for which the MME does not have an IMSI record. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" shall be set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• The MME successfully performs an Update Location to the HSS;

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HSS" indicates whether the HSS's record of the MME address for the UE is confirmed by radio contact. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HSS" shall be set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The MME receives a Tracking Area Update request or an Attach request for an UE for which the MME has no IMSI record;
• The MME receives a "Reset" message from the HSS with which the UE is registered;

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed in HSS" shall be set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful completion of the Update Location procedure to the HSS.

Also the following two restoration indicators may be provided in the MME for each IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" and "Location Information Confirmed by CSS". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" indicates whether the CSG subscriber data set for the roaming UE held by the MME is consistent with that held by the CSS. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" is set to the initial value "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The MME receives a Tracking Area Update request or an Attach request for a roaming UE for which the MME has no IMSI record;
• The MME receives a "Cancel VCSG Location Request" message from the CSS after the MME restart if the roaming UE attached to the macro cell after the MME restart.

The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• The MME successfully performs an "Update VCSG Location" to the CSS.
• The MME receives an "Insert/Delete VCSG Subscription Data Request" message from the CSS after the MME restart if the roaming UE attached to the macro cell after the MME restart.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" indicates whether the MME address for the roaming UE registered is confirmed by the CSS. The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Not Confirmed" at any of the following events:

• The MME receives a Tracking Area Update request or an Attach request for a roaming UE for which the MME has no IMSI record;
• The MME receives a "Reset" message from the CSS with which the roaming UE is registered.
• The MME receives a "Cancel VCSG Location Request" message from the CSS after the MME restart if the roaming UE attached to the macro cell after the MME restart.

The indicator "Location Information Confirmed by CSS" is set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful completion of the "Update VCSG Location" procedure to the CSS.
• The MME receives an "Insert/Delete VCSG Subscription Data Request" message from the CSS after the MME restart if the roaming UE attached to the macro cell after the MME restart.

One restoration indicator is provided in the ProSe Function for each IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" indicates whether the subscriber data set for the user equipment held by the ProSe Function is consistent with that held by the HSS. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" shall be set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful retrieval of ProSe subscriber information from the HSS.

The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" shall be set to "Not Confirmed" at the following event:

• The ProSe Function receives a request for ProSe Service from an UE for which the ProSe Function does not have associated UE context;
• The ProSe Function receives a "Reset" message from the HSS with which the UE is registered.

One restoration indicator is provided in the V2X Control Function for each IMSI record: "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS". The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" indicates whether the subscriber data set for the user equipment held by the V2X Control Function is consistent with that held by the HSS. The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" shall be set to "Confirmed" at the following event:

• Successful retrieval of V2X subscriber information from the HSS.

The indicator "Subscriber Data Confirmed by HSS" shall be set to "Not Confirmed" at the following event:

• The V2X Control Function receives a request for V2X Service from an UE for which the V2X Control Function does not have associated UE context;
• The V2X Control Function receives a "Reset" message from the HSS with which the UE is registered.