Content for  TR 22.865  Word version:  19.2.0

With the help of the construction of the transportation infrastructure, communication and information infrastructure, the modern logistics can deliver the goods to almost any corner of the world in a fast and reliable manner. Fleet management is a critical part of the logistics industry [13], which is being changed by IoT technologies in live vehicle monitoring, cargo management, driver behaviours' monitoring and etc. The real-time data exchange is important for the staff of fleet management in route scheduling, decision making and safety assurance. The convoy sometimes need to go across the area with sparse population or in extreme condition, where the network status fluctuates. Thus, besides remote management, local management by the team leader will also play a role in ensuring the speed and reliability of the transportation.

The logistic company ExpressX provides transportation services all over the world and well known for long distance transport. NetX, a mobile network operator has signed the contract with ExpressX to offer 5G communication service for all the vehicles and the staff, and promise the full coverage along all their transport routes including satellite services. NetX has deployed NGSO satellites to realize the radio coverage in rare population area and the deserts. All the vehicles for long distance transport are equipped with Telematics Box (e.g Device #2) supporting all 5G RATs (e.g. NR, LEO) as well as on-vehicle IoT devices (e.g. Device#3) only capable of 5G NR for data service. The man-held UEs (e.g. UE1) of fleet team leaders support all 5G RATs. Device#3 can connect to 5G network in either direct or indirect connection mode. Device#2 can help other UEs to connect to 5G network as a relay UE. UE1, Device#2, and Device#3 have the subscription of NetX.

1. UE1, held by the fleet team leader is registered to NetX core network via terrestrial access network at departure.
2. The Device#2 and on-vehicle device Device#3 are registered to NetX network when the transport starts, and keep reporting the vehicle's status and the driver's behaviours to remote management platform and UE1 via terrestrial access network and ground core network.
3. When the convoy approaches the desert highway, the fleet team leader will manage the fleet locally regarding the request of the remote management platform or application need. Device#3 is authorized and provisioned by 5G network to connect to 5G network in indirect network connection mode regarding the subscription, the location and the operator's policy.
4. When there is no coverage of terrestrial access network, Device#2 and UE1 will exchange data between each other via satellite access without going to the remote ground network. Also, Device#3 will use Device#2 as relay UE to communicate with UE1via satellite access without going to the remote ground network.
5. As the movement, there is available coverage of terrestrial access network. Device#2 and UE1 can continue the communication with minimum interruption via terrestrial access network. Device#3 will communication with UE1 via terrestrial access network in direct network connection mode.

UE1 can exchange data with Device#2 and Device#3, to obtain the vehicle status and driver's information in real-time, and issue the action commands and distribute the route adjustment information in time.

SA1 has performed several studies on connectivity models and satellite access. As a result, the associated service requirements are introduced to TS 22.261. Clause 6.9.1 describes the connectivity models as Clause 6.5.2 defines the requirements of efficient user plane about satellite access as below. Clause 6.9.2.5 defines the requirements of connectivity models about satellite access as below. There is no explicit discussion about the efficient user data path when all the UEs are connecting to the 5G network via the same satellite but in different network connection modes.

[PR 5.10.6-001] [PR 5.10.6-002]