TS 55.236
Specification of
A8_V MILENAGE Algorithm:
an Example Algorithm for the Key Generation function A8_V
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2024/03 14 p.
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2020/06 14 p.
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2018/06 14 p.
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V12.0.0
2014/10 14 p.
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2011/04 14 p.
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2009/12 14 p.
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2007/06 14 p.
V6.1.0
2006/06 14 p.
- Rapporteur:
- Miss Jerichow, Anja
Nokia Germany
Content for TS 55.236 Word version: 18.0.0
1 Scope
2 References
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
4 Introductory information
5 The A8_V MILENAGE algorithm
6 Test data for A8_V MILENAGE
$ Change History
1 Scope p. 5
The present document contains an example algorithm which may be used as the VSTK key generation function A8_V as described in TS 43.020. (It is not mandatory that the particular algorithm specified in this document is used - the A8_V function is operator-specifiable rather than being fully standardised.)
Clause 4 introduces the algorithm and describes the input and output parameters. Clause 5 defines the algorithm. Clause 6 provides test data.
2 References p. 5
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non specific.
- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document.
[1]
TS 35.206: "3G Security; Specification of the MILENAGE algorithm set: An example algorithm Set for the 3GPP Authentication and Key Generation functions f1, f1*, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f5*; Document 2: Algorithm specification".
[2]
TS 35.207: "3G Security; Specification of the MILENAGE Algorithm Set: An example algorithm set for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions f1, f1*, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f5*; Document 3: Implementors' test data".
[3]
TS 35.208: "3G Security; Specification of the MILENAGE Algorithm Set: An example algorithm set for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions f1, f1*, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f5*; Document 4: Design conformance test data".
[4]
TS 43.020: "Security related network functions".
[5]
TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations p. 5
3.1 Definitions p. 5
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905, TS 35.206 and TS 43.020, and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905, TS 35.206 or TS 43.020.
3.2 Symbols p. 5
=
The assignment operator.
||
The concatenation of the two operands.
X[i]
The ith bit of the variable X. (X = X[0] || X[1] || X[2] || …).
3.3 Abbreviations p. 6
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905, TS 35.206 and TS 43.020, and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905, TS 35.206 or TS 43.020.
VBS
Voice Broadcast Service
VGCS
Voice Group Call Service
4 Introductory information p. 6
4.1 Introduction p. 6
For VGCS and VBS ciphering in the GSM system the security function A8_V has been specified. The operation of this function falls completely within the domain of an individual operator, and the function is therefore to be specified by each operator rather than being fully standardized. The algorithm specified in this document is an example that may be used by an operator which does not wish to design its own.
The inputs and outputs of the function A8_V is defined in clause 4.4.
4.2 Notation p. 6
4.2.1 Bit/byte ordering p. 6
All data variables in this specification are presented with the most significant bit (or byte) on the left hand side and the least significant bit (or byte) on the right hand side. Where a variable is broken down into a number of substrings, the leftmost (most significant) substring is numbered 0, the next most significant is numbered 1, and so on through to the least significant. When a variable, with bit length L, is shown in hexadecimal format, bit 0 is the most significant bit of the leftmost hexadecimal digit, and bit L-1 is the least significant bit of the rightmost hexadecimal digit.
4.2.2 List of symbols p. 6
See clause 3.2.
4.3 List of variables p. 6
4.4 Algorithm inputs and outputs p. 6
| Parameter | Size (bits) | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| V_Ki | 128 | Group key V_Ki[0]…V_Ki[127] |
| VSTK_RAND | 36 | Random challenge VSTK_RAND[0]…VSTK_RAND[35] |
| Parameter | Size (bits) | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| VSTK | 128 | Cipher key VSTK[0]…VSTK[127] |
5 The A8_V MILENAGE algorithm p. 7
An example algorithm set for UMTS, called MILENAGE (see Note 1), is specified in TS 35.206. A8_V MILENAGE makes use of MILENAGE.
Specifically, the function f3 from the UMTS MILENAGE is making use of (all input and output names are prefixed by "MIL3G-" to distinguish them clearly from the inputs and outputs of A8_V MILENAGE):
| Function | Inputs | Output |
|---|---|---|
| f3 | MIL3G-K[0]…MIL3G-K[127] MIL3G-RAND[0]…MIL3G-RAND[127] | MIL3G-CK[0]…MIL3G-CK[127] |
The A8_V MILENAGE functions are defined as follows:
- Let (MIL3G-K[0]…MIL3G-K[127]) = (V_Ki[0]…V_Ki[127])
- Let (MIL3G-RAND[0]…MIL3G-RAND[127]) = (EXP_RAND[0]…EXP_RAND[127]) Whereby EXP_RAND[bits 0,1, . . .126,127] = EXPAND[bits 0,1, . . .39] || EXPAND[bits 0,1, . . .39] || EXPAND[bits 0,1, . . .39] || '11111111' EXPAND [bits 0,1, . . .39] = '1111' || VSTK_RAND[bits 0,1, . . .35]
- Compute MIL3G-CK from MIL3G-K and MIL3G-RAND, using the MILENAGE function f3
- Set (VSTK[0]…VSTK[127]) = (MIL3G-CK[0]…MIL3G-CK[127])
6 Test data for A8_V MILENAGE p. 7
6.1 Introduction p. 7
The test data sets presented here have been derived from the MILENAGE test sets in [3].
6.2 Format p. 7
The format of each test data set is as follows:
| Test Set n | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | secret group key |
| VSTK_RAND | 36-bit random challenge |
| MIL3G-RAND | 128-bit expansion of VSTK_RAND according to clause 4 |
| OP | operator-specific MILENAGE constant |
| OPc | derived from OP and V_Ki — see TS 35.206 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | MILENAGE f3 output, that equals the Short Term Key for use in VGCS and VBS ciphering |
All test data in this tabular format is shown in hexadecimal representation. The first test set is also shown in binary, to show explicitly the relationship between the binary data and the hexadecimal representation.
6.3 Test Sets p. 8
| Test Set 1 in binary format | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 01000110 01011011 01011100 11101000 10110001 10011001 10110100 10011111 10101010 01011111 00001010 00101110 11100010 00111000 10100110 10111100 |
| VSTK_RAND | 00100011 01010101 00111100 10111110 1001 |
| MIL3G-RAND | 11110010 00110101 01010011 11001011 11101001 11110010 00110101 01010011 11001011 11101001 11110010 00110101 01010011 11001011 11101001 11111111 |
| OP | 11001101 11000010 00000010 11010101 00010010 00111110 00100000 11110110 00101011 01101101 01100111 01101010 11000111 00101100 10110011 00011000 |
| OPc | 11001101 01100011 11001011 01110001 10010101 01001010 10011111 01001110 01001000 10100101 10011001 01001110 00110111 10100000 00101011 10101111 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 11010111 01110011 11000111 11111111 11000110 01000000 11001101 00100100 10000001 11110101 00010010 11011100 10111101 01011100 11000000 11110110 |
| Test Set 1 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 465b5ce8 b199b49f aa5f0a2e e238a6bc |
| VSTK_RAND | 23553cbe 9 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f23553cb e9f23553 cbe9f235 53cbe9ff |
| OP | cdc202d5 123e20f6 2b6d676a c72cb318 |
| OPc | cd63cb71 954a9f4e 48a5994e 37a02baf |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | d773c7ff c640cd24 81f512dc bd5cc0f6 |
| Test Set 2 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | fec86ba6 eb707ed0 8905757b 1bb44b8f |
| VSTK_RAND | 9f7c8d02 1 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f9f7c8d0 21f9f7c8 d021f9f7 c8d021ff |
| OP | dbc59adc b6f9a0ef 735477b7 fadf8374 |
| OPc | 1006020f 0a478bf6 b699f15c 062e42b3 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | a0b28afe ca802828 c324eb86 a7b06903 |
| Test Set 3 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 9e5944ae a94b8116 5c82fbf9 f32db751 |
| VSTK_RAND | ce83dbc5 4 |
| MIL3G-RAND | fce83dbc 54fce83d bc54fce8 3dbc54ff |
| OP | 223014c5 806694c0 07ca1eee f57f004f |
| OPc | a64a507a e1a2a98b b88eb421 0135dc87 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | f2abba4c 9d52cf6b 99b43d2a 799e9470 |
| Test Set 4 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 4ab1deb0 5ca6ceb0 51fc98e7 7d026a84 |
| VSTK_RAND | 74b0cd60 3 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f74b0cd6 03f74b0c d603f74b 0cd603ff |
| OP | 2d16c5cd 1fdf6b22 383584e3 bef2a8d8 |
| OPc | dcf07cbd 51855290 b92a07a9 891e523e |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | d4500866 a11b5b7d 3d89d485 d25e14da |
| Test Set 5 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 6c38a116 ac280c45 4f59332e e35c8c4f |
| VSTK_RAND | ee6466bc 9 |
| MIL3G-RAND | fee6466b c9fee646 6bc9fee6 466bc9ff |
| OP | 1ba00a1a 7c6700ac 8c3ff3e9 6ad08725 |
| OPc | 3803ef53 63b947c6 aaa225e5 8fae3934 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | bafd96fb 7c417cce 58597e0f 118b6a02 |
| Test Set 6 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 2d609d4d b0ac5bf0 d2c0de26 7014de0d |
| VSTK_RAND | 194aa756 0 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f194aa75 60f194aa 7560f194 aa7560ff |
| OP | 460a4838 5427aa39 264aac8e fc9e73e8 |
| OPc | c35a0ab0 bcbfc925 2caff15f 24efbde0 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | b4d5f9b7 94d269c5 706ee6e3 1453a426 |
| Test Set 7 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | a530a7fe 428fad10 82c45edd fce13884 |
| VSTK_RAND | 3a4c2b32 4 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f3a4c2b3 24f3a4c2 b324f3a4 c2b324ff |
| OP | 511c6c4e 83e38c89 b1c5d8dd e62426fa |
| OPc | 27953e49 bc8af6dc c6e730eb 80286be3 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | b8b143ae 303bbdd6 8539ee34 a69c530e |
| Test Set 8 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | d9151cf0 4896e258 30bf2e08 267b8360 |
| VSTK_RAND | f761e5e9 3 |
| MIL3G-RAND | ff761e5e 93ff761e 5e93ff76 1e5e93ff |
| OP | 75fc2233 a44294ee 8e6de25c 4353d26b |
| OPc | c4c93eff e8a08138 c203d4c2 7ce4e3d9 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 6e6aa729 1a54c264 6188e2e0 2002fda5 |
| Test Set 9 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | a0e2971b 6822e8d3 54a18cc2 35624ecb |
| VSTK_RAND | 08eff828 b |
| MIL3G-RAND | f08eff82 8bf08eff 828bf08e ff828bff |
| OP | 323792fa ca21fb4d 5d6f13c1 45a9d2c1 |
| OPc | 82a26f22 bba9e948 8f949a10 d98e9cc4 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | e360f5fe 8a5b1602 5fb8acbf f3b9cbb2 |
| Test Set 10 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 0da6f7ba 86d5eac8 a19cf563 ac58642d |
| VSTK_RAND | 679ac4db a |
| MIL3G-RAND | f679ac4d baf679ac 4dbaf679 ac4dbaff |
| OP | 4b9a26fa 459e3acb ff36f401 5de3bdc1 |
| OPc | 0db1071f 8767562c a43a0a64 c41e8d08 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 805879c0 53864ea5 a8c41c18 95976d41 |
| Test Set 11 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 77b45843 c88e58c1 0d202684 515ed430 |
| VSTK_RAND | 4c47eb30 7 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f4c47eb3 07f4c47e b307f4c4 7eb307ff |
| OP | bf3286c7 a51409ce 95724d50 3bfe6e70 |
| OPc | d483afae 562409a3 26b5bb0b 20c4d762 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 74909b16 e577b2d4 cf1ff01a 213cfc54 |
| Test Set 12 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 729b1772 9270dd87 ccdf1bfe 29b4e9bb |
| VSTK_RAND | 311c4c92 9 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f311c4c9 29f311c4 c929f311 c4c929ff |
| OP | d04c9c35 bd2262fa 810d2924 d036fd13 |
| OPc | 228c2f2f 06ac3268 a9e616ee 16db4ba1 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | b102a313 d2692e01 1b7301c2 ad188adc |
| Test Set 13 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | d32dd23e 89dc6623 54ca12eb 79dd32fa |
| VSTK_RAND | cf7d0ab1 d |
| MIL3G-RAND | fcf7d0ab 1dfcf7d0 ab1dfcf7 d0ab1dff |
| OP | fe75905b 9da47d35 6236d031 4e09c32e |
| OPc | d22a4b41 80a53257 08a5ff70 d9f67ec7 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 995729ba d5e7c84d 46d0980a 4729351f |
| Test Set 14 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | af7c65e1 927221de 591187a2 c5987a53 |
| VSTK_RAND | 1f0f8578 4 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f1f0f857 84f1f0f8 5784f1f0 f85784ff |
| OP | 0c7acb8d 95b7d4a3 1c5aca6d 26345a88 |
| OPc | a4cf5c81 55c08a7e ff418e54 43b98e55 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 485e7bfd 24492467 420b93ad 3fce8ac2 |
| Test Set 15 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 5bd7ecd3 d3127a41 d12539be d4e7cf71 |
| VSTK_RAND | 59b75f14 2 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f59b75f1 42f59b75 f142f59b 75f142ff |
| OP | f967f760 38b920a9 cd25e10c 08b49924 |
| OPc | 76089d3c 0ff3efdc 6e36721d 4fceb747 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | 1b32d440 99fb51f5 0505149d a25e7760 |
| Test Set 16 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 6cd1c6ce b1e01e14 f1b82316 a90b7f3d |
| VSTK_RAND | f69b78f3 0 |
| MIL3G-RAND | ff69b78f 30ff69b7 8f30ff69 b78f30ff |
| OP | 078bfca9 564659ec d8851e84 e6c59b48 |
| OPc | a219dc37 f1dc7d66 738b5843 c799f206 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | c7ada658 f4bf89dc 184b1d31 9df554d9 |
| Test Set 17 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | b73a90cb cf3afb62 2dba83c5 8a8415df |
| VSTK_RAND | b120f1c1 a |
| MIL3G-RAND | fb120f1c 1afb120f 1c1afb12 0f1c1aff |
| OP | b672047e 003bb952 dca6cb8a f0e5b779 |
| OPc | df0c6786 8fa25f74 8b7044c6 e7c245b8 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | ca8cf524 d78c8c55 aa5aba14 22737909 |
| Test Set 18 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 51222502 14c33e72 3a5dd523 fc145fc0 |
| VSTK_RAND | 81e92b6c 0 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f81e92b6 c0f81e92 b6c0f81e 92b6c0ff |
| OP | c9e87632 86b5b9ff bdf56e12 97d0887b |
| OPc | 981d464c 7c52eb6e 50362349 84ad0bcf |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | a8d5cdb6 47335bf5 8e2c884d a5efcdd5 |
| Test Set 19 | |
|---|---|
| V_Ki | 90dca4ed a45b53cf 0f12d7c9 c3bc6a89 |
| VSTK_RAND | 9fddc720 9 |
| MIL3G-RAND | f9fddc72 09f9fddc 7209f9fd dc7209ff |
| OP | 3ffcfe5b 7b111158 9920d352 8e84e655 |
| OPc | cb9cccc4 b9258e6d ca476037 9fb82581 |
| MIL3G-CK (VSTK) | c699833a 2c22bf44 b6473390 8a7142c3 |
$ Change History p. 12
