The present document captures the findings of the study item "Study on NR positioning enhancements" [2]. The purpose of this technical report is to document the requirements, additional scenarios, evaluations and technical proposals treated during the study and provide a way forward toward enhancements to NR positioning in TSG RAN WGs.

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3GPP NR radio-technology is uniquely positioned to provide added value in terms of enhanced location capabilities. The operation in low and high frequency bands (i.e. below and above 6GHz) and utilization of massive antenna arrays provides additional degrees of freedom to substantially improve the positioning accuracy. The possibility to use wide signal bandwidth in low and especially in high bands brings new performance bounds for user location for well-known positioning techniques, utilizing timing measurements to locate UE. The recent advances in massive antenna systems can provide additional degrees of freedom to enable more accurate user location by exploiting spatial and angular domains of propagation channel in combination with time measurements. 3GPP Rel-16 has specified various location technologies to support regulatory as well as commercial use cases. The target horizontal positioning requirements for commercial use cases studied in Rel-16 were <3 m (80%) for indoor scenarios and <10 m (80%) for outdoor scenarios (TR 38.855). The 5G service requirements specified in TS 22.261 include High Accuracy Positioning requirements, which are characterized by ambitious system requirements for positioning accuracy in many verticals. For example, on the factory floor, it is important to locate assets and moving objects such as forklifts, or parts to be assembled. Similar needs exist in transportation and logistics, for example. To address the higher accuracy location requirements resulting from new applications and industry verticals for 5G, a Rel-17 Study Item of "Study on NR Positioning Enhancements" was approved by TSG RAN [2][25]. The study item covers the enhancements and solutions necessary to support the high accuracy (horizontal and vertical), low latency, network efficiency (scalability, RS overhead, etc.), and device efficiency (power consumption, complexity, etc.) requirements for commercial uses cases (incl. general commercial use cases and specifically IIoT use cases). This technical report documents the following accomplishments obtained during the study:

• the target performance requirements for RAT dependent solutions for Rel-17 for both general commercial use cases and IIoT use cases;
• the additional scenarios and channel models for evaluating NR positioning enhancements;
• the NR positioning enhancements candidates for improving accuracy, reducing latency, and improving network and device efficiency for Rel-17;
• evaluation of the achievable positioning performance, including the performance analysis of Rel-16 positioning solutions, the performance analysis, the efficiency analysis, and the observations obtained from the investigations for Rel-17 NR positioning enhancements;
• the identified NR impacts for normative work for Rel-17.