Tech-invite 3GPPspace IETFspace

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Content for TR 36.777 Word version: 15.0.0

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2 References p. 8

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations p. 10

3.1 Definitions p. 10

3.2 Symbols p. 10

3.3 Abbreviations p. 11

4 Deployment scenarios for aerial vehicles p. 11

4.1 Deployment scenarios and assumptions p. 11

4.2 Channel model p. 11

5 Performance requirements and metrics p. 11

5.1 Performance requirements p. 11

5.2 Key performance indicator p. 11

6 Identified problem p. 12

6.1 General observations on UL/DL interference problem involving aerial UEs p. 12

6.2 Downlink interference on aerial UEs p. 13

6.3 Uplink interference caused by aerial UEs p. 13

7 Potential enhancements for supporting aerial vehicles p. 14

7.1 Potential enhancements for interference detection p. 14

7.1.1 General p. 14

7.1.2 UE-based solutions p. 14

7.1.3 Network-based solutions p. 14

7.2 Potential enhancements for downlink interference mitigation p. 14

7.2.1 General p. 14

7.2.2 FD-MIMO p. 15

7.2.3 Directional antenna at aerial UEs p. 15

7.2.4 Receive beamforming at aerial UEs p. 15

7.2.5 Intra-site JT CoMP p. 15

7.2.6 Coverage Extension p. 16

7.2.7 Coordinated data and control transmission p. 16

7.3 Potential enhancements for uplink interference mitigation p. 16

7.3.1 General p. 16

7.3.2 Power control-based mechanisms p. 16

7.3.2.1 UE specific fractional pathloss compensation factor p. 16

7.3.2.2 UE specific P0 parameter p. 17

7.3.2.3 Closed loop power control p. 17

7.3.3 FD-MIMO p. 17

7.3.4 Directional antennas at UE p. 17

7.4 Potential enhancements for mobility performance p. 18

7.5 Potential enhancements for aerial UE Identification p. 18

7.5.1 Airborne UE Identification p. 18

7.5.1.1 UE-based solutions p. 18

7.5.1.2 Network-based solutions p. 18

7.5.2 Aerial UE Identification based on certification/license p. 18

8 Conclusions p. 19

A Evaluation assumptions p. 21

A.1 System Level Evaluation p. 21

A.2 Mobility Evaluation p. 23

A.2.1 Mobility Parameters p. 23

A.2.2 UE Placement and Trajectories p. 24

A.2.3 LOS/NLOS modelling p. 25

A.2.4 Time varying shadow fading p. 25

B Channel modelling details p. 25

B.1 Fast fading models for Aerial UEs p. 28

B.1.1 Alternative 1 p. 28

B.1.2 Alternative 2 p. 30

B.1.3 Alternative 3 p. 31

C Calibration results and RSRP Statistics p. 31

C.1 Calibration results p. 31

C.2 Five percentile geometry results p. 33

C.3 RSRP statistics for interference detection p. 34

D Evaluation results with baseline assumptions p. 35

D.1 DL throughput results with baseline assumptions p. 35

D.1.1 Throughput results for terrestrial UEs p. 35

D.1.2 Throughput results for aerial UEs p. 38

D.1.3 Throughput results for all UEs p. 41

D.2 UL throughput results with baseline assumptions p. 42

D.2.1 Throughput results for terrestrial UEs p. 42

D.2.2 Throughput results for aerial UEs p. 47

D.2.3 Throughput results for all UEs p. 51

D.3 UL IoT results with baseline assumptions p. 54

D.3.1 IoT results for terrestrial UEs p. 54

D.3.2 IoT results for aerial UEs p. 56

E Evaluation results with potential enhancements in Downlink p. 58

E.1 Evaluation results for FD-MIMO p. 58

E.2 Evaluation results for directional antenna at aerial UEs p. 60

E.3 Evaluation results for receive beamforming at aerial UEs p. 64

E.4 Evaluation results for intra-site JT CoMP p. 66

E.5 Evaluation results for Coverage Extension p. 67

E.6 Evaluation results for coordinated data and control transmission p. 68

F Evaluation results with potential enhancements in Uplink p. 70

F.1 Evaluation results for power control based mechanisms p. 70

F.1.1 Results on UE specific fractional pathloss compensation factor p. 70

F.1.2 Results on UE specific P0 parameter p. 73

F.1.3 Results on closed loop power control p. 80

F.2 Evaluation results for FD-MIMO p. 81

F.3 Evaluation results for directional antennas at UE p. 83

G Evaluation results on reliability p. 87

H Field Trials Results on Mobility p. 97

H.1 Field Trial 1 [20] p. 97

H.1.1 Setup p. 97

H.1.2 Number of detected cells p. 98

H.1.3 Distance to detected and serving cells p. 99

H.1.4 Handover interruption time p. 99

H.2 Field Trial 2 [21] p. 100

H.2.1 Setup p. 100

H.2.2 Vertical hovering and corresponding PCI changes in rural area p. 100

H.2.3 Vertical hovering and corresponding PCI changes in suburban area p. 101

H.3 Field Trial 3 [22 and 45] p. 102

H.3.1 Setup p. 102

H.3.2 Number of detected cell and cell changes p. 103

H.3.3 Distance to serving cell and neighbor cells statistics p. 106

H.4 Field Trial 4 [56] p. 107

H.4.1 Setup p. 107

H.4.2 Number of detected cells for UMa scenario p. 107

H.4.3 Distance to serving cell p. 108

H.4.4 Average SNR values and PCI change p. 108

H.5 Field Trial 5 [19] p. 108

H.5.1 Setup p. 108

H.5.2 Number of handover success/ Failure p. 109

H.5.3 Number of detected neighbour cells and PCI changes p. 109

H.6 Field Trial 6 [46] p. 110

H.6.1 Setup p. 110

H.6.2 Number of detected cells statistics p. 111

H.7 Field Trial 7 [25, 47] p. 111

H.7.1 Setup p. 111

H.7.2 Number of detected cells statistics p. 113

H.7.3 Distance to serving and neighbor cells statistics p. 113

H.7.4 Number of PCI changes p. 115

H.7.5 Number of radio link failures p. 116

H.8 Observations from field trials on mobility p. 116

I Field Trials Results on RSRP/RSRQ and other measurements p. 117

I.1 Field Trial 1 [20 and 48] p. 117

I.1.1 Setup p. 117

I.1.2 RSRP/RSRQ distribution for serving cell p. 117

I.1.3 Distribution of uplink transmit power p. 118

I.2 Field Trial 2 [21] p. 118

I.2.1 Setup p. 118

I.2.2 RSRP, RSRQ and SINR characteristics in rural area p. 118

I.2.3 RSRP, RSRQ and SINR characteristics in suburban area p. 119

I.3 Field Trial 3 [22-24 and 45] p. 120

I.3.1 Setup p. 120

I.3.2 RSSI vs ΔRSRP p. 120

I.3.3 RSRP statistics p. 122

I.3.4 RSRQ statistics p. 123

I.3.5 RSSI statistics p. 124

I.3.6 RSRP gap statistics p. 125

I.4 Field Trial 4 [56 and 44] p. 126

I.4.1 Setup p. 126

I.4.2 RSRP characteristics p. 126

I.4.3 RS-SINR characteristics p. 126

I.4.4 PDCCH block error rate characteristics p. 127

I.4.5 Uplink data rate characteristics p. 127

I.5 Field Trial 5 [46] p. 128

I.5.1 Setup p. 128

I.5.2 RSRP gap characteristics p. 128

I.6 Field Trial 6 [47] p. 128

I.6.1 Setup p. 128

I.6.2 Serving cell RSRP and RSRQ characteristics p. 129

I.6.3 Neighbor cell RSRP and RSRQ characteristics p. 130

I.6.4 RSRP gap characteristics p. 131

I.6.5 RSSI characteristics p. 132

I.7 Observations from field trials on RSRP/RSRQ and other measurements p. 132

J Evaluation Results on Mobility p. 132

J.1 Mobility Simulation p. 132

J.2 Simulation results for UMa p. 133

J.2.1 Introduction p. 133

J.2.2 Handover rate p. 133

J.2.3 HOF rate p. 135

J.2.4 RLF rate p. 136

J.2.5 Time in handoff p. 138

J.2.6 Time in Qout p. 139

J.2.7 Ping-Pong rate p. 140

J.3 Simulation results for RMa p. 141

J.3.1 Introduction p. 141

J.3.2 Handover rate p. 141

J.3.3 HOF rate p. 142

J.3.4 RLF rate p. 144

J.3.5 Time in handoff p. 145

J.3.6 Time in Qout p. 146

J.3.7 Ping-Pong rate p. 147

J.4 Observations on mobility performance for Aerial UEs p. 148

$ Change history p. 149