Content for TS 28.318 Word version: 18.1.0
0 Introduction
1 Scope
2 References
3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
3.2 Symbols
3.3 Abbreviations
4 Overview
4.1 General
4.2 Background
...
...
0 Introduction p. 6
The present document addresses management and orchestration services to support network operations related to energy utilities, an industry sector that uses telecommunications extensively.
There is a cross-dependency between the power supply provided to the MNO's network infrastructure by the energy utility, and the telecommunications connectivity service provided to the DSO's network infrastructure by the MNO. Diverse applications are used to operate and manage energy systems. These applications require very high communication service availability. High availability of the energy system directly benefits the availability of the 5G system.
1 Scope p. 7
The present document provides normative specifications of Stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 to realize network and service operations to support energy utility use cases by 5G networks.
The present document does not specify all aspects required to support network service operations for energy utilities. Annex D identifies unspecified configuration and functionality that are needed in order to complement the normative specification. This configuration and functionality that is not standardized has to be supported in order to deploy and operate the management services specified in the present document.
2 References p. 7
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific.
- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document.
[1]
TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[2]
DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/ 944 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL - of 5 June 2019 - on common rules for the internal market for electricity and amending Directive 2012/ 27/ EU (europa.eu) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32019L0944&from=EN
[3]
[4]
TS 32.130: "Telecommunication management; Network sharing; Concepts and requirements"
[5] Void.
[6] Void.
[7]
Sendin, A., Stafford, J., Grilli, A., "Utilities and Telecommunications in a Nutshell", EUTC, Ediciones Experiencia, 2022.
[8]
TS 22.104: "Service requirements for cyber-physical control applications in vertical domains; Stage 1".
[9]
TS 22.261: "Service requirements for the 5G system; Stage 1"
[10]
IEC TR 61000-3-6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-6: Limits - Assessment of emission limits for the connection of distorting installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.
[11]
RFC 1628: "UPS Management Information Base", May 1994.
[12]
ETSI ES 202 336-3: "Environmental Engineering (EE); Monitoring and Control Interface for Infrastructure Equipment (Power, Cooling and Building Environment Systems used in Telecommunication Networks); Part 3: AC UPS power system control and monitoring information model".
[13] Void.
[14]
TS 28.552: "Management and orchestration; 5G performance measurements".
[15]
TS 28.554: "Management and orchestration; 5G end to end Key Performance Indicators (KPI)".
[16] Void.
[17]
TS 38.473: "NG-RAN; F1 Application Protocol (F1AP)".
[18]
TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification".
[19]
TS 32.300: "Telecommunication management; Configuration Management (CM); Name convention for Managed Objects".
[20]
TS 28.622: "Telecommunication management; Generic Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Information Service (IS)".
[21]
TS 28.541: "Management and orchestration; 5G Network Resource Model (NRM); Stage 2 and stage 3".
[22]
ETSI ES 202 336-11: "Environmental Engineering (EE); Monitoring and control interface for infrastructure equipment (Power, Cooling and environment systems used in telecommunication networks); Part 11: Battery system with integrated control and monitoring information model".
[23]
TS 28.623: "Telecommunication management; Generic Network Resource Model (NRM) Integration Reference Point (IRP); Solution Set (SS) definitions".
[24]
TS 28.532: "Management and orchestration; Generic management services".
3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations p. 8
3.1 Terms p. 8
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in TR 21.905 and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905.
Distribution System Operator:
an organization that is responsible for operating, ensuring the maintenance of and, if necessary, developing the distribution system in a given area to meet demands for the distribution of electricity.
Distribution Automation:
A family of technologies, systems and processes (including sensors, actuators, processors, communication networks, switches, etc.) that enable the remote, real-time monitoring, operation, and optimization of utility distribution systems on the field.
Remote Terminal Unit:
a host in a customer network.
Uninterruptable Power Supply:
an independent source of energy that, for a limited time duration, can sustain operations normally despite an interruption of energy distribution services. [11] [12]
Customer Premises Equipment:
a component of communications infrastructure that is installed in the facility owned by a customer.
Energy Supply:
The delivery of electricity to a physical location. This is typically realized by placing two or more wires coming from a DSO at a geographical location and connecting those wires to a metering device.
Energy Supply ID:
A unique identity that is assigned by the DSO to every point where electric Energy Supply is provided to an energy consumer. Each physical component of a 5G network may be associated with one Energy Supply ID. Every MOI in a MIB that collectively represents the physical component may be associated with that same Energy Supply ID.
Rapid Intervention:
A procedure described in Annex C.3 for support of recovery of the energy system for distribution systems without redundant topology.
Rapid Recovery:
A procedure described in Annex C.3 for support of communication service.
site operator:
A business entity who operates infrastructure on behalf of MNOs, in some networking scenarios, for base station(s) and/or cell site(s).
3.2 Symbols p. 9
Void.
3.3 Abbreviations p. 9
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905.
CPE
Customer Premises Equipment
DA
Distribution Automation
DSO
Distribution System Operator
ESI
Energy Supply ID
PCC
Point of Common Coupling
RTU
Remote Terminal Unit
SCADA
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
UPS
Uninterruptable Power Supply
4 Overview p. 9
4.1 General p. 9
The present document specifies exposed management services that enable improved operation of energy utility networks used for energy distribution. Energy service can be logically considered as four components: generation, transmission, distribution and consumption points. In a typical energy system, there are few centralized generation facilities (e.g. nuclear, thermal and hydro plants), where nature's energy is converted into electricity. Then, there are a limited number of high power transmission lines covering great distance with the minimum of energy loss. Then, a great many sites are part of medium and low voltage distribution networks. The distribution system transforms and delivers energy to customers. Finally, there is an extremely large number of consumption points (i.e. every household, business, public infrastructure site such as traffic lights at an intersection.) This simple model of the energy service delivery system is depicted in Figure 4.1-1.
Diverse standardized "smart grid" services are used to manage the energy system effectively - with high availability, safety and efficiency. IEC, IEEE and other organizations standardize these services. To support these services, diverse communication systems are employed, including optical fiber, mobile telecommunications, power line communications and others. The services are generally defined at the application layer, meaning that they can operate over any access. The choice of which access to employ is made by energy service operators, and is determined by many factors outside of the scope of the present document. In many deployments, the choice is to employ mobile telecommunications to support smart grid services. [7]
Since there are few energy generators and the requirements of transmission facilities are not changing that much over time, the focus for smart energy services and the communication systems that they rely on are mainly on distribution services. The distribution grid is the part of the energy system that is on the outer part of the system, the one closer to end-customers and, thus, the most extensive one. It is here that the energy system is changing fastest, as distributed energy generation, distributed energy storage and other trends disrupt the simpler top-down hierarchy of generation, transmission, distribution, consumption. Though there are smart grid services associated with consumption and distributed generation, these use cases and requirements have not been further developed as part of the present document.
Supporting the communication requirements of the distribution system is the focus of the present document. These networks, operated by Distribution System Operators (DSOs), aim at extremely high availability. The services employed in the distribution system include SCADA and DA [3], which can detect and correct abnormalities, reconfigure and restart services rapidly. If remote operations and monitoring is not available, when the electrical grid operations need it, it can result in service outages of much longer duration, sometimes requiring manual intervention by a service technician sent to the affected site.
An important form of 'fate sharing' exists between mobile telecommunications networks and the energy system. If energy service interruptions persist, the mobile telecommunications network will also become unavailable once the sites' independent energy storage and generation capacity are exhausted. If the mobile telecommunications service is interrupted, smart grid services will also be interrupted in a significant number of sites, leading to increasing risk of energy service outages over time. These scenarios are considered further in the present document.
Telecom management service exposure requirements, procedures and solution set details are specified to improve communication service availability to DSOs.
4.2 Background p. 10
The topics described in clause 4.1 have been considered in stage 1 standardization in 3GPP. Relevant requirements are specified in TS 22.104 and TS 22.261. These stage 1 service requirements were considered to motivate and scope an investigation of stage 1 telecom management requirements.
